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Leptin significantly reduced food intake in female and male rats over 4 h; however, leptin reduced 24-h intake in female but not in male rats. When the same rats were administered insulin (1 or 4 mU\/2 \u03bcl) or saline (2 \u03bcl), male but not female rats had a robust reduction in food intake over 24 h. Previous research demonstrates the melanocortins are a central mediator of the effects of both leptin and insulin. However, we found no sex differences in sensitivity to the melanocortin agonist MTII (0.01, 0.1, 0.3, and 1.0 nmol\/2 \u03bcl). These results suggest that the sex differences in sensitivity to leptin and insulin at the doses that we injected occur upstream of the melanocortin receptors. Because insulin and leptin reflect different fat beds and are differentially distributed in the male and female sexes, the implication is that the male and female sexes regulate adiposity-relevant parameters differently.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.3.682","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,6]],"date-time":"2007-03-06T19:04:22Z","timestamp":1173207862000},"page":"682-687","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":286,"title":["Differential Sensitivity to Central Leptin and Insulin in Male and Female Rats"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Deborah J.","family":"Clegg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine A.","family":"Riedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Public Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen A. Blake","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen C.","family":"Benoit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen C.","family":"Woods","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","reference":[{"key":"2022031215441635100_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Kuczmarski RJ, Johnson CL: Overweight and obesity in the United States: prevalence and trends, 1960\u20131994. 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