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Following growth and differentiation in nonselective medium containing serum, murine ES cells spontaneously differentiated into cells individually expressing each of the four major islet hormones: insulin, glucagon, somatostatin, and pancreatic polypeptide. PDX1 immunostaining cells appeared first, before hormone-positive cells had emerged. Hormone-positive cells appeared within focal clusters of cells coexpressing PDX1 and the nonclassical hormone markers peptide YY (YY) and islet amyloid polypeptide (IAPP) in combination with the definitive hormones, characteristic of endocrine cells appearing during early pancreaticogenesis. This system allows the investigation of many facets of islet development since it promotes the appearance of the complete range of islet phenotypes and reproduces important developmental stages of normal islet cytodifferentiation in differentiating ES cell cultures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.52.8.2016","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,6]],"date-time":"2007-03-06T19:04:22Z","timestamp":1173207862000},"page":"2016-2024","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":108,"title":["Pancreatic Precursors and Differentiated Islet Cell Types From Murine Embryonic Stem Cells"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"52","author":[{"given":"Brenda W.","family":"Kahan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Medicine and William S. 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