{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T17:08:23Z","timestamp":1788628103634,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Inadequate angiogenic response to ischemia in diabetic myocardium could result in poor collateral formation. Because hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1\u03b1 is a transcriptional activator of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and is critical for initiating angiogenic responses to hypoxia, we investigated the expression of HIF-1\u03b1 and VEGF in specimens of human heart tissue to elucidate the molecular responses to myocardial ischemia in diabetic patients during unstable angina. Moreover, accumulation of a marker of protein nitration nitrotyrosine, as well as the superoxide anion (O2\u2212) levels and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), were evaluated. Ventricular biopsy specimens from 15 type 2 diabetic and 14 nondiabetic patients presenting with unstable angina (ischemic group) and from 20 patients (11 type 2 diabetic and 9 nondiabetic patients) who underwent coronary bypass surgery without angina within the preceding 10 days (control group) were collected during coronary bypass surgery. Nondiabetic patients had higher HIF-1\u03b1 and VEGF expressions compared with diabetic patients (P &amp;lt; 0.001). As compared with nondiabetic specimens, diabetic specimens showed higher levels of both iNOS mRNA and protein levels (P &amp;lt; 0.001) associated with the highest tissue levels of nitrotyrosine and O2\u2212 (P &amp;lt; 0.001). Diabetes is associated with increased myocardial tissue levels of iNOS, O2\u2212, and nitrotyrosine and reduced expression of myocardial angiogenesis factors during ischemia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.53.9.2383","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,6]],"date-time":"2007-03-06T19:04:22Z","timestamp":1173207862000},"page":"2383-2391","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":98,"title":["Expression of Angiogenic Factors During Acute Coronary Syndromes in Human Type 2 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Raffaele","family":"Marfella","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatrics and Metabolic Diseases, Section of Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Centro di Eccellenza Cardiovascolare, Section of Pathology, Second University of Naples, Naples, 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