{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,13]],"date-time":"2026-07-13T12:10:19Z","timestamp":1783944619422,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The aim of this randomized trial was to compare the effects of a behavioral intervention focusing on either calorie restriction alone or calorie plus fat restriction on weight loss and changes in lipids and glycemic control in individuals with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) or a family history of diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We recruited 44 obese women with NIDDM and 46 obese women with a family history of NIDDM and randomly assigned these subjects to calorie restriction (CAL) or to calorie plus fat restriction (CAL + FAT). All subjects participated in a 16-week behavioral weight loss program, with training in diet, exercise, and behavior modification. Subjects assigned to the CAL condition were given a 1,000\u22121,500 kcal\/day goal and self-monitored calories consumed. Subjects assigned to the CAL + FAT condition had the same calorie goal, but were also given a fat goal (grams of fat\/day), to produce a diet with &amp;lt; 20% of calories from fat; this group monitored both calories and fat grams.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Among NIDDM subjects, weight loss of the subjects in the CAL+FAT condition was significantly &amp;gt; subjects in the CAL condition (7.7 vs. 4.6 kg) and the CAL+FAT condition group also maintained their weight loss better at the 1-year follow-up (5.2 vs. 1.0 kg). Significant decreases in glucose, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and total cholesterol were seen after 16 weeks of treatment among NIDDM subjects; these changes were similar in CAL and CAL+FAT groups, but a greater proportion of subjects in CAL condition required oral hypoglycemic medication. At the 1-year follow-up, all parameters had returned to baseline. No significant differences in weight loss or physiological changes were seen between CAL and CAL+FAT conditions in subjects with a family history of diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These results suggest that using the combination of calorie and fat restriction may help promote weight loss in obese NIDDM patients. No other long-term benefits of this regimen were observed.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.18.9.1241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,5]],"date-time":"2007-03-05T22:51:27Z","timestamp":1173135087000},"page":"1241-1248","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":92,"title":["Effects of a Behavioral Weight Loss Program Stressing Calorie Restriction Versus Calorie Plus Fat Restriction in Obese Individuals With NIDDM or a Family History of Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Randy W","family":"Pascale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine\u2008Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rena R","family":"Wing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine\u2008Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Betsy A","family":"Butler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine\u2008Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monica","family":"Mullen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine\u2008Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia","family":"Bononi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine\u2008Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","container-title":["Diabetes Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article-pdf\/18\/9\/1241\/444109\/18-9-1241.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article-pdf\/18\/9\/1241\/444109\/18-9-1241.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,12]],"date-time":"2022-03-12T12:34:13Z","timestamp":1647088453000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article\/18\/9\/1241\/18199\/Effects-of-a-Behavioral-Weight-Loss-Program"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,9,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/diacare.18.9.1241","relation":{},"ISSN":["0149-5992","1935-5548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0149-5992","type":"print"},{"value":"1935-5548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,9,1]]}}}