{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T15:12:05Z","timestamp":1791817925593,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Although the level of hyperglycemia is clearly a risk factor for microvascular complications in diabetic patients, its role in macrovascular complications remains controversial. We followed 4,875 subjects (65% Mexican-American) for 7\u20138 years to investigate the effects of diabetes and hyperglycemia on all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality. These end points were also analyzed according to quartiles of baseline fasting plasma glucose among diabetic participants.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the relative risks (RRs) for all-cause and CVD mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diabetes was significantly associated with increased all-cause mortality (RR [95% CI] = 2.1 [1.3\u20133.5] in men; 3.2 [1.9\u20135.4] in women) and increased CVD mortality (3.2 [1.4\u20137.1] in men; 8.5 [2.8\u201325.2] in women). Among diabetic subjects, those in quartile 4 had a 4.2-fold greater risk of all-cause mortality (P &amp;lt; 0.001) and a 4.7-fold greater risk of CVD mortality (P = 0.01) than those in quartiles 1 and 2 combined. After further adjustment for other potential risk factors, subjects in quartile 4 had a 4.9-fold greater risk of all-cause mortality and a 4.9-fold greater risk of CVD mortality than those in quartiles 1 and 2. In addition, hypertension, current smoking, and cholesterol &amp;gt;6.2 mmol\/1 were significant predictors of CVD mortality using Cox models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conclude that diabetes is a predictor of both all-cause and CVD mortality in the general population and that both hyperglycemia and common CVD risk factors are important predictors of all-cause and CVD mortality in diabetic subjects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.21.7.1167","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,5]],"date-time":"2007-03-05T17:51:27Z","timestamp":1173117087000},"page":"1167-1172","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":357,"title":["Effects of Diabetes and Level of Glycemia on All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality: The San Antonio Heart Study"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Ming","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cooper Institute for Aerobics Research\u2008Dallas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharon P","family":"Gaskill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio\u2008San Antonio, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven M","family":"Haffner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio\u2008San Antonio, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael P","family":"Stern","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio\u2008San Antonio, Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","container-title":["Diabetes Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article-pdf\/21\/7\/1167\/586025\/21-7-1167.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article-pdf\/21\/7\/1167\/586025\/21-7-1167.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,12]],"date-time":"2022-03-12T09:49:09Z","timestamp":1647078549000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article\/21\/7\/1167\/21790\/Effects-of-Diabetes-and-Level-of-Glycemia-on-All"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1998,7,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1998,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/diacare.21.7.1167","relation":{},"ISSN":["0149-5992","1935-5548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0149-5992","type":"print"},{"value":"1935-5548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1998,7,1]]}}}