{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T12:03:36Z","timestamp":1781870616563,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE: We undertook this study to test whether Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine preserves beta-cell function and increases the remission rate in children with new-onset type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This was a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial offered to children referred to the Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes or the Baystate Medical Center with a diagnosis of new-onset type 1 diabetes. There were 94 children aged 5-18 years who received either BCG or saline intradermally within 4 months of onset of symptoms and who were then evaluated at 3-month intervals for 2 years. The primary end point was remission, defined as insulin independence for 4 weeks. Secondary end points were C-peptide levels (fasting and in response to a mixed meal challenge), insulin dose, and HbA1c. RESULTS: Of the patients, 47 were randomized to each arm; 7 in the placebo group and 9 in the BCG group did not complete 1 year of the study and are not included in the analysis. One patient from each group achieved remission. Fasting and stimulated C-peptide levels did not differ by treatment arm but declined in both groups and were lower initially and during the entire 2-year period in younger children. Insulin requirements and HbA1c levels did not differ in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Vaccination with BCG at the time of onset of type 1 diabetes does not increase the remission rate or preserve beta-cell function.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.22.10.1703","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,5]],"date-time":"2007-03-05T22:51:27Z","timestamp":1173135087000},"page":"1703-1707","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Effect of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccination on new-onset type 1 diabetes. A randomized clinical study."],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"H F","family":"Allen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Baystate Medical Center Children's Hospital, Springfield, MA 01095, USA. holley.allen@bhs.org"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G J","family":"Klingensmith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baystate Medical Center Children's Hospital, Springfield, MA 01095, USA. holley.allen@bhs.org"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baystate Medical Center Children's Hospital, Springfield, MA 01095, USA. holley.allen@bhs.org"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E","family":"Simoes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baystate Medical Center Children's Hospital, Springfield, MA 01095, USA. holley.allen@bhs.org"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Hayward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baystate Medical Center Children's Hospital, Springfield, MA 01095, USA. holley.allen@bhs.org"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H P","family":"Chase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Baystate Medical Center Children's Hospital, Springfield, MA 01095, USA. holley.allen@bhs.org"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","container-title":["Diabetes Care"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article-pdf\/22\/10\/1703\/448811\/10526739.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article-pdf\/22\/10\/1703\/448811\/10526739.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,12]],"date-time":"2022-03-12T13:04:27Z","timestamp":1647090267000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/diabetesjournals.org\/care\/article\/22\/10\/1703\/20194\/Effect-of-Bacillus-Calmette-Guerin-vaccination-on"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1999,10,1]]},"references-count":0,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1999,10,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/diacare.22.10.1703","relation":{},"ISSN":["0149-5992","1935-5548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0149-5992","type":"print"},{"value":"1935-5548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1999,10,1]]}}}