{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:52:11Z","timestamp":1787025131817,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE\u2014To determine whether reducing dietary fat would reduce body weight and improve long-term glycemia in people with glucose intolerance.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS\u2014A 5-year follow-up of a 1-year randomized controlled trial of a reduced-fat ad libitum diet versus a usual diet. Participants with glucose intolerance (2-h blood glucose 7.0\u201311.0 mmol\/l) were recruited from a Workforce Diabetes Survey. The group that was randomized to a reduced-fat diet participated in monthly small-group education sessions on reduced-fat eating for 1 year. Body weight and glucose tolerance were measured in 136 participants at baseline, 6 months, and 1 year (end of intervention), with follow-up at 2 years (n = 104), 3 years (n = 99), and 5 years (n = 103).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>RESULTS\u2014Compared with the control group, weight decreased in the reduced-fat\u2013diet group (P &amp;lt; 0.0001); the greatest difference was noted at 1 year (\u20133.3 kg), diminished at subsequent follow-up (\u22123.2 kg at 2 years and \u22121.6 kg at 3 years), and was no longer present by 5 years (1.1 kg). Glucose tolerance also improved in patients on the reduced-fat diet; a lower proportion had type 2 diabetes or impaired glucose tolerance at 1 year (47 vs. 67%, P &amp;lt; 0.05), but in subsequent years, there were no differences between groups. However, the more compliant 50% of the intervention group maintained lower fasting and 2-h glucose at 5 years (P = 0.041 and P = 0.026, respectively) compared with control subjects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>CONCLUSIONS\u2014The natural history for people at high risk of developing type 2 diabetes is weight gain and deterioration in glucose tolerance. This process may be ameliorated through adherence to a reduced fat intake.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.24.4.619","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,5]],"date-time":"2007-03-05T17:51:27Z","timestamp":1173117087000},"page":"619-624","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":175,"title":["Long-Term (5-Year) Effects of a Reduced-Fat Diet Intervention in Individuals With Glucose Intolerance"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Boyd A.","family":"Swinburn","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Patricia A.","family":"Metcalf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah J.","family":"Ley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","reference":[{"key":"2022031215530674300_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tuomilehto J, Knowler WC, Zimmet P: Primary prevention of non-insulin dependent diabetes. 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