{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T15:26:26Z","timestamp":1790436386822,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE\u2014To define the predictors of the rate of gastric emptying in patients with diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS\u2014A total of 101 outpatients with diabetes (79 type 1 and 22 type 2) underwent measurements of gastric emptying of a solid\/liquid meal (scintigraphy), upper gastrointestinal symptoms (questionnaire), glycemic control (blood glucose concentrations during gastric emptying measurement), and autonomic nerve function (cardiovascular reflexes).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>RESULTS\u2014The gastric emptying of solid and\/or liquid was delayed in 66 (65%) patients. Solid (retention at 100 min 64 \u00b1 3.2 vs. 50.2 \u00b1 3.6%, P &amp;lt; 0.005) and liquid (retention at 100 min 22.7 \u00b1 1.7 vs. 16.0 \u00b1 1.8%, P &amp;lt; 0.001) gastric emptying was slower in women than in men. Of all upper gastrointestinal symptoms (including nausea and vomiting), only abdominal bloating\/fullness was associated with slower gastric emptying (P &amp;lt; 0.005). A multiple regression analysis demonstrated that both abdominal bloating\/fullness and female sex were predictors of slower gastric emptying of both solids and liquids.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>CONCLUSIONS\u2014We conclude that the presence of abdominal bloating\/fullness but not any other upper gastrointestinal symptom is associated with diabetic gastroparesis and that gastric emptying is slower in diabetic women than in diabetic men.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.24.7.1264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,5]],"date-time":"2007-03-05T22:51:27Z","timestamp":1173135087000},"page":"1264-1269","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":270,"title":["Predictors of Delayed Gastric Emptying in Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Karen L.","family":"Jones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonietta","family":"Russo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie E.","family":"Stevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judith M.","family":"Wishart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie K.","family":"Berry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Horowitz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","reference":[{"key":"2022031215492822800_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Horowitz M, Fraser R: Disordered gastric motor function in diabetes mellitus. 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