{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T03:11:13Z","timestamp":1785294673244,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"9","content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE\u2014To determine whether a culturally appropriate clinic- and community-based intervention for African-American women with type 2 diabetes will increase moderate-intensity physical activity (PA).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS\u2014In this randomized controlled trial conducted at seven practices in central North Carolina, 200 African-American women, \u226540 years of age with type 2 diabetes, were randomized to one of three treatment conditions: clinic and community (group A), clinic only (group B), or minimal intervention (group C). The clinic-based intervention (groups A and B) consisted of four monthly visits with a nutritionist who provided counseling to enhance PA and dietary intake that was tailored to baseline practices and attitudes; the community-based intervention (group A) consisted of three group sessions and 12 monthly phone calls from a peer counselor and was designed to provide social support and reinforce behavior change goals; and the minimal intervention (group C) consisted of educational pamphlets mailed to participants. The primary study outcome was the comparison of PA levels between groups assessed at 6 and 12 months by accelerometer, which was worn while awake for 7 days.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>RESULTS\u2014Totals of 175 (88%) and 167 (84%) participants completed PA assessment at 6 and 12 months, respectively. For comparison of PA, the P value for overall group effect was 0.014. Comparing group A with C, the difference in the average adjusted mean for PA was 44.1 kcal\/day (95% CI 13.1\u201375.1, P = 0.0055). Comparing group B with C, the difference in the average adjusted mean was 33.1 kcal\/day (95% CI 3.3\u201362.8, P = 0.029). The intervention was acceptable to participants: 88% were very satisfied with clinic-based counseling to enhance PA, and 86% indicated that the peer counselor\u2019s role in the program was important.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>CONCLUSIONS\u2014The intervention was associated with a modest enhancement of PA and was acceptable to participants.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.25.9.1576","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,5]],"date-time":"2007-03-05T22:51:27Z","timestamp":1173135087000},"page":"1576-1583","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":194,"title":["A Randomized Trial of an Intervention to Improve Self-Care Behaviors of African-American Women With Type 2 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"25","author":[{"given":"Thomas C.","family":"Keyserling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen D.","family":"Samuel-Hodge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alice S.","family":"Ammerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Schools of Medicine and Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara E.","family":"Ainsworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Exercise Science and Prevention Research Center, School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos F.","family":"Henri\u0301quez-Rolda\u0301n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina"},{"name":"Department of Statistics, University of Valparai\u0301so, Valparai\u0301so, Chile"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tom A.","family":"Elasy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne H.","family":"Skelly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Larry F.","family":"Johnston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health Promotion and Disease Prevention, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shrikant I.","family":"Bangdiwala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1167","reference":[{"key":"2022031214443193400_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brancati FL, Kao WH, Folsom AR, Watson RL, Szklo M: Incident type 2 diabetes mellitus in African-American and white adults: the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. 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