{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T04:05:18Z","timestamp":1773288318816,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>OBJECTIVE\u2014To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of insulin pump therapy in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS\u2014All 95 patients who began insulin pump therapy at Johns Hopkins Hospital between January 1990 and December 2000 were included in the study. The mean age was 12.0 years (range 4\u201318), and 29% of the patients were &amp;lt;10 years old. Data were obtained by chart review beginning 6\u201312 months before pump start. The median duration of follow-up was 28 months.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>RESULTS\u2014There was a small but significant decrease in HbA1c at 3\u20136 months after pump start (7.7 vs. 7.5%; P = 0.03). HbA1c levels then gradually increased and remained elevated after 1 year of follow-up; however, this association was confounded by age and diabetes duration, both of which were associated with higher HbA1c levels. After adjusting for duration and age, mean HbA1c after pump start was significantly lower than before pump start (7.7 vs. 8.1%; P &amp;lt; 0.001). The number of medical complications (diabetic ketoacidosis, emergency department visits) was similar before and after pump start. There were fewer hypoglycemic events after pump start (12 vs. 17, rate ratio 0.46, 95% CI 0.21\u20131.01).<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>CONCLUSIONS\u2014This study suggests that pump therapy is safe and effective in selected children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.26.4.1142","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,5]],"date-time":"2007-03-05T22:51:27Z","timestamp":1173135087000},"page":"1142-1146","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":178,"title":["Safety and Effectiveness of Insulin Pump Therapy in Children and Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Leslie P.","family":"Plotnick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Loretta M.","family":"Clark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frederick L.","family":"Brancati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland"},{"name":"Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Erlinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland"},{"name":"Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, Baltimore, Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1167","reference":[{"key":"2022031216132732800_R1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leonard MJ, Reeves GD: Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion: a comprehensive review of insulin pump therapy. 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Diabetes Metab Res Rev\u200815:338\u2013352, 1999","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1520-7560(199909\/10)15:5<338::AID-DMRR57>3.0.CO;2-Y"},{"key":"2022031216132732800_R9","unstructured":"White NH, Hollander AS, Sadler M, Daniels L: Risks and benefits of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy in children (Abstract). Diabetes\u200850 (Suppl. 2):A66, 2001"},{"key":"2022031216132732800_R10","unstructured":"Celona-Jacobs N, Weinzimer S, Pearson M, Hartz D, Katz L, Murphy K: Insulin pump therapy in children: a cautionary tale (Abstract). Diabetes\u200850 (Suppl. 2):A67, 2001"},{"key":"2022031216132732800_R11","unstructured":"Laffel L, Loughlin C, Ramchan-Dani N, Butler D, Laffel N, Levine B, Anderson B: Glycemic challenges of pump therapy in youth with type-1 diabetes (Abstract). Diabetes\u200850 (Suppl. 2):A66\u2013A67, 2001"},{"key":"2022031216132732800_R12","unstructured":"Ahern J, Boland E, Boane R, Mirandar V, Tamborlane W: Pumps in kids: safe and successful (Abstract). 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