{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,31]],"date-time":"2025-10-31T08:05:17Z","timestamp":1761897917819,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]],"date-time":"2023-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695081600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.diabetesjournals.org\/journals\/pages\/license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Health insurance coverage type differs significantly by socioeconomic status and racial group in the United States. The aim of this study was to determine whether publicly insured children and young adults with type 1 diabetes were more likely to experience adverse outcomes compared with privately insured patients with acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infections.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Data from 619 patients with previously established type 1 diabetes who were &amp;lt;24 years of age with acute COVID-19 infections were analyzed from the T1D Exchange COVID-19 surveillance registry. Data for the registry was collected from 52 endocrinology clinics across the United States using an online survey tool. Each site completed the survey using electronic health record data between April 2020 and December 2021.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Of the 619 patients included in this study, 257 had public insurance and 362 had private insurance. Of the 257 publicly insured patients with COVID-19, 57 reported severe adverse outcomes (22%), defined as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) or severe hypoglycemia. In comparison, there were 25 reported adverse outcomes (7%) among the 362 privately insured patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our data reveal high rates of hospitalization and DKA among publicly insured racial\/ethnic minority children and young adults with type 1 diabetes and COVID-19.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/ds23-0002","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]],"date-time":"2023-09-19T21:10:41Z","timestamp":1695157841000},"page":"398-402","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Association Between Health Insurance Type and Adverse Outcomes for Children and Young Adults With Type 1 Diabetes and Coronavirus Disease 2019"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2122-025X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brian","family":"Miyazaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"1Children\u2019s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Osagie","family":"Ebekozien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2T1D Exchange, Boston, MA"},{"name":"3University of Mississippi School of Population Health, Jackson, MS"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saketh","family":"Rompicherla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3University of Mississippi School of Population Health, Jackson, MS"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Ohmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ines","family":"Guttman-Bauman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Department of Pediatrics, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Mucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, Cleveland Clinic Children\u2019s Hospital, Cleveland, OH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alissa","family":"Guarneri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"7University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vandana","family":"Raman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"8Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Allison","family":"Smego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"8Department of Pediatrics, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jane K.","family":"Dickinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"9Teachers College, Columbia University, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023111519541191900_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"759","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6924e2","article-title":"Coronavirus disease 2019 case surveillance: United States, January 22\u2013May 30, 2020","volume":"69","author":"Stokes","year":"2020","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2023111519541191900_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6918e1","article-title":"Characteristics and 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