{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T22:46:49Z","timestamp":1776466009936,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Diabetes Association","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,28]],"date-time":"2021-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630108800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":2845,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["diabetesjournals.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>OBJECTIVE<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We evaluated whether the association of insulin sensitivity with HDL cholesterol (HDL) and triglycerides is influenced by major plasma apolipoproteins, as suggested by recent experimental evidence.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study included a cross-sectional analysis of the RISC Study, a multicenter European clinical investigation in 1,017 healthy volunteers balanced in sex (women 54%) and age strata (range 30\u201360 years). Insulin sensitivity (M\/I in \u00b5mol \u22c5 min\u22121 \u22c5 kgFFM\u22121 \u22c5 nM\u22121) was measured by the clamp technique and apolipoproteins (ApoB, -C3, -A1, and -E) by Multiplex Technology.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>RESULTS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The center-, sex-, and age-adjusted standardized regression coefficients (STD\u03b2) with M\/I were similar for HDL and triglycerides (+19.9 \u00b1 1.9 vs. \u221220.0 \u00b1 2.0, P &amp;lt; 0.0001). Further adjustment for triglycerides (or HDL), BMI, and adiponectin (or nonesterified fatty acid) attenuated the strength of the association of M\/I with both HDL (STD\u03b2 +6.4 \u00b1 2.3, P &amp;lt; 0.01) and triglycerides (\u22129.5 \u00b1 2.1, P &amp;lt; 0.001). Neither ApoA1 nor ApoE and ApoB showed any association with M\/I independent from plasma HDL cholesterol and triglycerides. ApoC3, in contrast, in both men and women, was positively associated with M\/I independently of plasma lipids. A relative enrichment of plasma lipids with ApoC3 is associated with lower body fat percentage and lower plasma alanine amino transferase.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>CONCLUSIONS<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our results suggest that HDL cholesterol modulates insulin sensitivity through a mechanism that is partially mediated by BMI and adiponectin but not by ApoA1. Similarly, the influence of triglycerides on insulin sensitivity is in part mediated by BMI and is unrelated to ApoE or ApoB, but it is significantly modulated by ApoC3, which appears to protect from the negative effect of plasma lipids.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2337\/dc13-0682","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,16]],"date-time":"2013-10-16T04:45:59Z","timestamp":1381898759000},"page":"4125-4131","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2337\/ada-journal-policies","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Influence of Apolipoproteins on the Association Between Lipids and Insulin Sensitivity"],"prefix":"10.2337","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Simona","family":"Baldi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy"}]},{"given":"Fabrice","family":"Bonnet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service Endocrinologie-Diab\u00e9tologie, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Rennes, University Rennes 1, Rennes, France"}]},{"given":"Martine","family":"Laville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine Rh\u00f4ne-Alpes, INSERM U870-INRA 1235, Lyon, France"}]},{"given":"Cecilia","family":"Morgantini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Life Sciences, Scuola Superiore Sant\u2019Anna, Pisa, Italy"}]},{"given":"Lucilla","family":"Monti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardio-Diabetes and Core Laboratory Unit, Metabolic and Cardiovascular Science Division, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy"}]},{"given":"Kurt","family":"Hojlund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark"}]},{"given":"Ele","family":"Ferrannini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Natali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy"}]},{"name":"on behalf of the RISC Investigators","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1167","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022031222434569300_B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ecl.2006.06.002","article-title":"Diabetic dyslipidemia","volume":"35","author":"Chahil","year":"2006","journal-title":"Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am"},{"key":"2022031222434569300_B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1658","DOI":"10.1194\/jlr.M800046-JLR200","article-title":"L-4F treatment reduces adiposity, increases adiponectin levels, and improves insulin sensitivity in obese mice","volume":"49","author":"Peterson","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Lipid Res"},{"key":"2022031222434569300_B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1582-4934.2010.01045.x","article-title":"Apolipoprotein A-I possesses an anti-obesity effect associated with increase of energy expenditure and up-regulation of UCP1 in brown fat","volume":"15","author":"Ruan","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Cell Mol Med"},{"key":"2022031222434569300_B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"438","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2010.01.001","article-title":"Impact of HDL on adipose tissue metabolism and adiponectin expression","volume":"210","author":"Van Linthout","year":"2010","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"2022031222434569300_B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"762","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01705","article-title":"Cloning of adiponectin receptors that mediate antidiabetic metabolic effects","volume":"423","author":"Yamauchi","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2022031222434569300_B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17416","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M800756200","article-title":"Structure and dynamics of human apolipoprotein CIII","volume":"283","author":"Gangabadage","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"2022031222434569300_B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.19.3.472","article-title":"Role of ApoCs in lipoprotein metabolism: functional differences between ApoC1, ApoC2, and ApoC3","volume":"19","author":"Jong","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol"},{"key":"2022031222434569300_B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2672","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI119456","article-title":"Chylomicronemia due to apolipoprotein CIII overexpression in apolipoprotein E-null mice. 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