{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:53:57Z","timestamp":1787025237051,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MJS Publishing, Medical Journals Sweden AB","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]],"date-time":"2023-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689897600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ActaO"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background and purpose: Most displaced distal radius fractures (DRF) are treated nonoperatively, with reduction and immobilization in a cast. Studies assessing intra- or inter-observer agreement on radiologic measurements of casting position have not been published, which was the aim of our study.Patients and methods: Our study is based on the Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Prevention (OSTPRE) study. All detected DRFs during the OSTPRE follow-up were retrieved and based on sample size calculations 50 fractures were randomly selected for the study. 5 independent reviewers measured dislocation parameters and wrist position in a cast from the radiographs. A linear mixed model was used to estimate the concordance correlation coefficient (CCC) and total deviance index (TDI) that were used to evaluate intra- and inter-observer agreement. We used Kappa values to determine intra- and inter-rater agreement on radiographically acceptable reduction of the DRF. Limits of acceptable position were those defined by Finnish Current Care Guidelines.Results: For radial inclination, radial shortening, and dorsal\/volar tilt, intra- and inter-observer correlations were high (CCC &gt; 0.76). In addition, measurements of wrist angle in a splint had high correlations (CCC &gt; 0.78), whereas measurement of intra-articular gap and step had poor correlations (CCC &lt; 0.52). The Kappa value for overall agreement on the radiographically acceptable position of the DRF was modest (0.59).Conclusion: Intra- and inter-observer repeatability of casting position of radial inclination, radial shortening, and dorsal\/volar tilt were high whereas intra-articular gap and step had poor correlations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2340\/17453674.2023.13707","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,26]],"date-time":"2023-07-26T10:20:52Z","timestamp":1690366852000},"page":"379-386","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Intra- and inter-observer agreement in distal radius fracture dislocation measurement of casting position"],"prefix":"10.2340","volume":"94","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3125-6546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katriina","family":"Paasikallio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6268-8117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reijo","family":"Sund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8905-7761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simo","family":"Miettinen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sonja","family":"Kauranen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hannu","family":"Sorsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heikki","family":"Kr\u00f6ger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joonas","family":"Sirola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1183","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"35450","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nellans K W, Kowalski E, Chung K C. The epidemiology of distal radius fractures. Hand Clin 2012; 28: 113\u201325. doi: 10.1016\/j.hcl.2012.02.001.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hcl.2012.02.001"},{"key":"35451","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Solvang H W, Nordheggen R A, Clementsen S, Hammer OL, Randsborg P H. Epidemiology of distal radius fracture in Akershus, Norway, in 2010\u20132011. J Orthop Surg Res 2018; 13(1): 199. doi: 10.1186\/s13018018-0904-0.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-018-0904-0"},{"key":"35452","unstructured":"Working group set up by the Finnish Medical Society Duodecim and the Finnish Cardiac Society. Distal radius fracture: current care guidelines. Helsinki: Finnish Medical Society Duodecim; 2016."},{"key":"35453","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wichlas F, Haas N P, Lindner T, Tsitsilonis S. Closed reduction of distal radius fractures: does instability mean irreducibility? Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2013; 133(8): 1073-8. doi: 10.1007\/s00402-013-1758-x.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-013-1758-x"},{"key":"35454","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bentohami A, Bijlsma T S, Goslings J C, de Reuver P, Kaufmann L, Schep N W L. Radiological criteria for acceptable reduction of extra-articular distal radial fractures are not predictive for patient-reported functional outcome. J Hand Surg Eur 2013; 38(5): 524-9. doi: 10.1177\/1753193412468266.","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193412468266"},{"key":"35455","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Plant C E, Parsons N R, Costa M L. Do radiological and functional outcomes correlate for fractures of the distal radius? Bone Joint J 2017; 99B (3): 376-82. doi: 10.1302\/0301-620X.99B3.35819.","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.99B3.35819"},{"key":"35456","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lichtman D M, Bindra R R, Boyer M I, Putnam M D, Ring D, Slutsky D J, et al. Treatment of distal radius fractures. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2010; 18: 180-9. doi: 10.5435\/00124635-201003000-00007.","DOI":"10.5435\/00124635-201003000-00007"},{"key":"35457","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Perugia D, Guzzini M, Civitenga C, Guidi M, Domined\u00f2 C, Fontana D, et al. Is it really necessary to restore radial anatomic parameters after distal radius fractures? Injury 2014; 45: S21\u20136. doi: 10.1016\/j.injury.2014.10.018.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2014.10.018"},{"key":"35458","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Handoll H H, Madhok R. Conservative interventions for treating distal radial fractures in adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003; (2): CD000314. doi: 10.1002\/14651858.CD000314.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000314"},{"key":"35459","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Stirling E, Jeffery J, Johnson N, Dias J. Are radiographic measurements of the displacement of a distal radial fracture reliable and reproducible? Bone Joint J 2016; 98-B(8): 1069-73. doi: 10.1302\/0301620X.98B8.37469.","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.98B8.37469"},{"key":"35460","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Watson N J, Asadollahi S, Parrish F, Ridgway J, Tran P, Keating J L. Reliability of radiographic measurements for acute distal radius fractures. BMC Med Imaging 2016; 16(1): 44. doi: 10.1186\/s12880-016-0147-7.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12880-016-0147-7"},{"key":"35461","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kreder H J, Hanel D P, McKee M, Jupiter J, McGillivary G, Swiontkowski M F. X-ray film measurements for healed distal radius fractures. J Hand Surg 1996; 21(1): 31-9. doi: 10.1016\/S0363-5023(96)80151-1.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0363-5023(96)80151-1"},{"key":"35462","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thomason K, Smith K L. The reliability of measurements taken from computer-stored digitalised X-rays of acute distal radius fractures. J Hand Surg Eur 2008; 33(3): 369-72. doi: 10.1177\/1753193407087509.","DOI":"10.1177\/1753193407087509"},{"key":"35463","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tuppurainen M, Honkanen R, Kr\u00f6ger H, Saarikoski S, Alhava E. Osteoporosis risk factors, gynaecological history and fractures in perimenopausal women: the results of the baseline postal enquiry of the Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Prevention Study. Maturitas 1993; 17(2): 89-100. doi: 10.1016\/0378-5122(93)90004-2.","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5122(93)90004-2"},{"key":"35464","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Choudhary P K, Nagaraja H N. Measuring agreement: models, methods, and applications. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2018.","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118553282"},{"key":"35465","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mauck B M, Swigler C W. Evidence-based review of distal radius fractures. 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