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At that time, and for many centuries previously, syphilis dramatically affected the lives and health of individuals and threatened the well-being of many societies. This review examines the aetiology, transmission, and many manifestations of syphilis from a historical perspective, emphasizing morbidity, treatment, psychosocial and cultural manifestations, as well as ethical issues uncovered in the clinical search for knowledge about the manifestations of the disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2340\/actadv.v104.34879","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]],"date-time":"2024-03-04T13:10:36Z","timestamp":1709557836000},"page":"adv34879","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["The Syphilis Pandemic Prior to Penicillin: Origin, Health Issues, Cultural Representation and Ethical Challenges"],"prefix":"10.2340","volume":"104","author":[{"given":"Lisa","family":"Ekselius","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bengt","family":"Gerdin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anders","family":"Vahlquist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1183","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"50896","unstructured":"Meyerhoff E. 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