{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,12]],"date-time":"2025-11-12T06:31:57Z","timestamp":1762929117331,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"MJS Publishing, Medical Journals Sweden AB","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,9]],"date-time":"2025-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1741478400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Derm Venereol"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pemphigus is a rare and life-threatening autoimmune disease that is easily ignored in children. This study aimed to attract attention to pemphigus in the paediatric population for better understanding and recognition of the clinical characteristics and management in children\u2019s different subtypes of pemphigus. The case series involved a retrospective record review of 3 patients who were referred to a department of dermatology from January 2022 to January 2024. All patients experienced a delayed diagnosis, but were eventually definitively diagnosed with pemphigus vulgaris, pemphigus foliaceus, and pemphigus erythematosus, because they all have intraepidermal blisters and elevated serum antibodies against Dsg1\/Dsg3. In all 3 cases, systemic corticosteroids were used in combination with or without steroid-sparing adjuvants. The patient with pemphigus vulgaris experienced a recurrence due to discontinuous treatment; the other 2 patients achieved mostly remission after treatment, with the length of follow-up ranging from 5 to 12 months. Pemphigus in children has its own clinical characteristics and similar literature concerning improved strategies for clinical assessment and treatments are reviewed and discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2340\/actadv.v105.42776","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,10]],"date-time":"2025-03-10T06:30:06Z","timestamp":1741588206000},"page":"adv42776","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinical Features, Diagnosis and Treatment of Different Types of Paediatric Pemphigus"],"prefix":"10.2340","volume":"105","author":[{"given":"An-Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huan","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiao-Yan","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juan","family":"Xiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1183","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"97828","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mistry BD, Leis M, Lee DM, Levy R. 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Pediatr Dermatol 2013; 30: 240-244.","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2012.01730.x"},{"key":"97833","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2012.01730.x","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1525-1470.2012.01730.x"},{"key":"97834","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tallab, T.; Joharji, H.; Bahamdan, K.; Karkashan E, Mourad M, Ibrahim K. The incidence of pemphigus in the southern region of Saudi Arabia. Int. J. Dermatol 2001; 40: 570-572.","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2001.01247.x"},{"key":"97835","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2001.01247.x","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.2001.01247.x"},{"key":"97836","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miyachi H, Konishi T, Hashimoto Y, Matsui H, Fushimi K, Inozume T, et al. Clinical course and outcomes of pemphigus vulgaris and foliaceus: A retrospective study using a nationwide database in Japan. J Dermatol 2023; 50: 212-221.","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.16641"},{"key":"97837","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/1346-8138.16641","DOI":"10.1111\/1346-8138.16641"},{"key":"97838","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chiu HY, Chang CJ, Lin YJ, Tsai TF. National trends in incidence, mortality, hospitalizations, and expenditures for pemphigus in Taiwan. J Dermatol Sci 2020; 99: 203-208.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2020.08.002"},{"key":"97839","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2020.08.002","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2020.08.002"},{"key":"97840","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"V'lckova-Laskoska MT, Laskoski DS, Kamberova S, Caca-Biljanovska N, Volckova N. Epidemiology of pemphigus in Macedonia: a 15-year retrospective study (1990-2004). 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Pemphigus and environmental factors. G Ital Dermatol Venereol 2003; 138: 299-309."},{"key":"97851","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Asarch A, G\u00fcrcan HM, Ahmed AR. A current review of juvenile pemphigus vulgaris: analysis of data on clinical outcomes. Am J Clin Dermatol 2010; 11: 21-33.","DOI":"10.2165\/11310380-000000000-00000"},{"key":"97852","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2165\/11310380-000000000-00000","DOI":"10.2165\/11310380-000000000-00000"},{"key":"97853","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Melchionda V, Harman KE. Pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus: an overview of the clinical presentation, investigations and management. Clin Exp Dermatol 2019; 44: 740-746.","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.14041"},{"key":"97854","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ced.14041","DOI":"10.1111\/ced.14041"},{"key":"97855","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saha A, Dhar S. 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Alopecia in autoimmune blistering diseases: a systematic review of pathogenesis and clinical features of disease. Skin Appendage Disord 2019; 5: 263-275.","DOI":"10.1159\/000496836"},{"key":"97860","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000496836","DOI":"10.1159\/000496836"},{"key":"97861","unstructured":"Yu BT. Juvenile pemphigus foliaceus, exfoliative type--a case report. Proc Chin Acad Med Sci Peking Union Med Coll 1988; 3: 122-123."},{"key":"97862","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Connelly EA, Aber C, Kleiner G, Nousari C, Charles C, Schachner LA. Generalized erythrodermic pemphigus foliaceus in a child and its successful response to rituximab treatment. 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