{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T14:13:42Z","timestamp":1788444822161,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MJS Publishing, Medical Journals Sweden AB","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788393600000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["BIiD"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To compare the effect of concentrated platelet-rich fibrin (C-PRF) immediately after collection to C-PRF kept in a cooling device for about 90 min on the proliferation, osteogenic differentiation, and mineralization in human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs).\nMethods: Ten milliliters of blood without anticoagulants was collected in two tubes from 12 systemically healthy male volunteers and subjected to centrifugation at 700 RCF (relative centrifugal force)-max for 8 min for the test groups. C-PRF was collected immediately from the tubes of the first group, whereas in the second group, the tube was maintained at 4\u00b0C prior to blood collection and centrifugation, and following centrifugation, it was returned to a cooling device at 4\u00b0C for 90 min. This was then co-cultured with hPDLCs for 21 days. Cell viability and alkaline phosphatase levels were assessed on days 1, 7, 14, and 21. At the end of 21 days, Alizarin Red staining was done to assess the formation of mineralized nodules. All outcome assessments were conducted in three groups: C-PRF, cooled C-PRF, and a control group comprising hPDLCs cultured in an osteogenic basal culture medium without C-PRF and without any intervention. \nStatistical analysis: Linear mixed-effects models were used to analyze values across groups and time points.\nResults: Both the C-PRF group and cooled C-PRF group demonstrated significantly higher cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase levels than the control group at day 7 and day 14. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the C-PRF and cooled C-PRF groups when compared for cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase production at days 1, 7, 14, and 21 (p &gt; 0.05). At the end of 21 days, both groups demonstrated significantly higher mineralization than the control group (p &lt; 0.05); however, there was no difference between the C-PRF and the cooled C-PRF groups.Conclusion: Usage of C-PRF after storage at 4\u00b0C up to 90 min does not significantly alter cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase production, and mineralized nodule formation compared with conventional C-PRF in hPDLCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2340\/biid.v13.46669","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T13:25:41Z","timestamp":1788441941000},"page":"710-716","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effect of tube cooling on the osteogenic activity of concentrated platelet-rich fibrin in human periodontal ligament cells"],"prefix":"10.2340","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Rucha","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mavinakote Gowda","family":"Triveni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baron Tarun","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raison","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiral","family":"Karwa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1183","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"167316","unstructured":"Choukroun J, Adda F, Schoeffler C, Vervelle A. Une opportunit\u00e9 en paro-implantologie: le PRF. Implantodontie. 2001;42:55\u201362."},{"key":"167317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dohan DM, Choukroun J, Diss A, Dohan SL, Dohan AJ, Mouhyi J, et al. Platelet-rich fibrin (PRF): a second-generation platelet concentrate. Part I: technological concepts and evolution. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod. 2006;101:e37\u201344.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tripleo.2005.07.008"},{"key":"167318","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pavlovic V, Ciric M, Jovanovic V, Trandafilovic M, Stojanovic P. Platelet-rich fibrin: basics of biological actions and protocol modifications. Open Med (Wars). 2021;16:446\u201354.","DOI":"10.1515\/med-2021-0259"},{"key":"167319","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Narayanaswamy R, Patro BP, Jeyaraman N, Gangadaran P, Rajendran RL, Nallakumarasamy A, et al. Evolution and clinical advances of platelet-rich fibrin in musculoskeletal regeneration. Bioengineering (Basel). 2023;10:58.","DOI":"10.3390\/bioengineering10010058"},{"key":"167320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miron RJ, Fujioka-Kobayashi M, Hernandez M, Kandalam U, Zhang Y, Ghanaati S, et al. Injectable platelet-rich fibrin (i-PRF): opportunities in regenerative dentistry. Clin Oral Investig. 2017;21:2619\u201327.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-017-2063-9"},{"key":"167321","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miron RJ, Chai J, Zhang P, Li Y, Wang Y, Mour\u00e3o CF, et al. A novel method for harvesting concentrated platelet-rich fibrin (C-PRF) with a tenfold increase in platelet and leukocyte yields. Clin Oral Investig. 2020;24:2819\u201328.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-019-03147-w"},{"key":"167322","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fujioka-Kobayashi M, Katagiri H, Kono M, Schaller B, Zhang Y, Miron RJ. Improved growth factor delivery and cellular activity using concentrated platelet-rich fibrin (C-PRF) compared with traditional injectable (i-PRF) protocols. Clin Oral Investig. 2020;24:4373\u201383.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-020-03303-7"},{"key":"167323","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Strauss FJ, Nasirzade J, Kargarpoor Z, St\u00e4hli A, Gruber R. Effect of platelet-rich fibrin on cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, inflammation, and osteoclastogenesis: a systematic review of in vitro studies. Clin Oral Investig. 2020;24:569\u201384.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-019-03156-9"},{"key":"167324","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miron RJ, Horrocks NA, Zhang Y, Horrocks G, Pikos MA, Sculean A. Extending the working properties of liquid platelet-rich fibrin using chemically modified PET tubes and the Bio-Cool device. Clin Oral Investig. 2022;2:2873\u20138.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00784-021-04268-x"},{"key":"167325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Li X, Yang H, Zhang Z, Yan Z, Lv H, Zhang Y, et al. Platelet rich fibrin exudate promotes the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells in vitro. Mol Med Rep. 2018;18(5):4477\u201385.","DOI":"10.3892\/mmr.2018.9472"},{"key":"167326","unstructured":"Borie E, Oliv\u00ed DG, Orsi IA, Garlet K, Weber B, Beltr\u00e1n V, et al. Platelet-rich fibrin application in dentistry: a literature review. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015;8:7922\u20139."},{"key":"167327","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bai MY, Chuang MH, Lin MF, Tang SL, Wong CC, Chan WP. Relationships of age and sex with cytokine content and distribution in human platelet fibrin gels. Sci Rep. 2018;8:10642.","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-28376-z"},{"key":"167328","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thanasrisuebwong P, Kiattavorncharoen S, Surarit R, Phruksaniyom C, Ruangsawasdi N. Red and yellow injectable platelet-rich fibrin demonstrated differential effects on periodontal ligament stem cell proliferation, migration, and osteogenic differentiation. nt J Mol Sci. 2020;2:5153.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21145153"},{"key":"167329","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farshidfar N, Jafarpour D, Firoozi P, Sahmeddini S, Hamedani S, de Souza RF, et al. Application of injectable platelet-rich fibrin in regenerative dentistry: a scoping review of n vitro and in vivo studies. Jpn Dent Sci Rev. 2022;58:89\u2013123.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdsr.2022.02.003"},{"key":"167330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"de Lima Barbosa R, Louren\u00e7o ES, dos Santos JVA, Rocha NRS, Mour\u00e3o C, Alves GG. Effects of platelet-rich fibrin on mineralizing cell behavior related to bone regeneration: a scoping review of in vitro evidence. J Funct Biomater. 2023;14:503.","DOI":"10.3390\/jfb14100503"},{"key":"167331","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wang X, Zhang Y, Choukroun J, Ghanaati S, Miron RJ. Effects of injectable platelet-rich ibrin on osteoblast behavior and bone tissue formation compared with platelet-rich plasma. Platelets. 2018;29:48\u201355.","DOI":"10.1080\/09537104.2017.1293807"},{"key":"167332","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shah R, Triveni MG, Thomas R, Kumar A B T. Advanced platelet rich fibrin demonstrates mproved osteogenic induction potential in human periodontal ligament cells, growth factor production and mechanical properties as compared to leukocyte and platelet ibrin and injectable platelet rich fibrin. Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2024;28:413\u201324.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10006-023-01160-8"}],"container-title":["Biomaterial Investigations in Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/medicaljournalssweden.se\/biid\/article\/download\/46669\/55369","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/medicaljournalssweden.se\/biid\/article\/download\/46669\/55369","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T13:25:43Z","timestamp":1788441943000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/medicaljournalssweden.se\/biid\/article\/view\/46669"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]},"references-count":17,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2340\/biid.v13.46669","relation":{},"ISSN":["2641-5275"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2641-5275","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]]}}}