{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T22:59:22Z","timestamp":1761865162072,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"MJS Publishing, Medical Journals Sweden AB","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]],"date-time":"2025-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1751328000000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JRM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Brain injuries are the leading cause of disorders of consciousness and are often complicated by swallowing disorders. The aim of this study was to determine whether a correlation existed between swallowing and level of consciousness in patients with acquired brain injury.\nMethods: This pilot and observational study was conducted in the post intensive care coma arousal rehabilitation on 10 patients with acquired brain injury with disorder of consciousness and swallowing disorder evaluated with the Coma Recovery Scale\u2013Revised (CRS-R) CRS-R evaluation or WHIM scale and a SWallowing Disorders in Disorders of Consciousness (SWADOC) assessment, both conducted in the same timeline frame. Swallowing function was assessed using the SWADOC scale. The level of consciousness was evaluated with the CRS-R and the Wessex Head Injury Matrix (WHIM). A Pearson correlation analysis was performed to examine the potential relationship between swallowing capacity and level of consciousness.\nResults: A strong correlation was identified between the CRS-R and WHIM scales with the SWADOC evaluation. Indeed, the correlation between SWADOC and CRS-R reached 0.70, while the correlation between SWADOC and WHIM was above 0.60.\nConclusion: These findings highlight the importance of integrating swallowing evaluation within the multimodal assessment of consciousness recovery.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2340\/jrm.v57.42692","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,2]],"date-time":"2025-07-02T05:39:12Z","timestamp":1751434752000},"page":"jrm42692","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The swallow, a target to follow the restauration of consciousness in acquired brain injury"],"prefix":"10.2340","volume":"57","author":[{"given":"Anne Charlotte","family":"Lerick","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleonore","family":"Sequeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jean","family":"Glenisson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nikki","family":"Sabourin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Virgil","family":"Rolland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregoire","family":"Prum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Verin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1183","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"116810","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brown CV, Hejl K, Mandaville AD, Chaney PE, Stevenson G, Smith C. Swallowing dysfunction after mechanical ventilation in trauma patients. J Crit Care 2011; 26: 108 e9\u201313.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcrc.2010.05.036"},{"key":"116811","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leder SB. Fiberoptic endoscopic evaluation of swallowing in patients with acute traumatic brain injury. J Head Trauma Rehabil 1999; 14: 448\u2013453.","DOI":"10.1097\/00001199-199910000-00005"},{"key":"116812","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Takizawa C, Gemmell E, Kenworthy J, Speyer R. A systematic review of the prevalence of oropharyngeal dysphagia in stroke, Parkinson\u2019s disease, Alzheimer\u2019s disease, head injury, and pneumonia. Dysphagia 2016; 31: 434\u2013441.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-016-9695-9"},{"key":"116813","unstructured":"Veis SL, Logemann JA. Swallowing disorders in persons with cerebrovascular accident. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1985; 66: 372\u2013375."},{"key":"116814","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Melotte E, Belorgeot M, Herr R, Simon J, Kaux JF, Laureys S, et al. The development and validation of the SWADOC: a study protocol for a multicenter prospective cohort study. Front Neurol 2021; 12: 662634.","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.662634"},{"key":"116815","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jean A. Brain stem control of swallowing: neuronal network and cellular mechanisms. Physiol Rev 2001; 81: 929\u2013969.","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.2001.81.2.929"},{"key":"116816","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Giacino JT, Ashwal S, Childs N, Cranford R, Jennett B, Katz DI, et al. The minimally conscious state: definition and diagnostic criteria. Neurology 2002; 58: 349\u2013353.","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.58.3.349"},{"key":"116817","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lucca LF, Lofaro D, Pignolo L, Leto E, Ursino M, Cortese MD, et al. Outcome prediction in disorders of consciousness: the role of coma recovery scale revised. BMC Neurol 2019; 19: 68.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-019-1293-7"},{"key":"116818","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Shiel A, Horn SA, Wilson BA, Watson MJ, Campbell MJ, McLellan DL. The Wessex Head Injury Matrix (WHIM) main scale: a preliminary report on a scale to assess and monitor patient recovery after severe head injury. Clin Rehabil 2000; 14: 408\u2013416.","DOI":"10.1191\/0269215500cr326oa"},{"key":"116819","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schnakers C, Majerus S, Giacino J, Vanhaudenhuyse A, Bruno MA, Boly M, et al. A French validation study of the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised (CRS-R). Brain Inj 2008; 22: 786\u2013792.","DOI":"10.1080\/02699050802403557"},{"key":"116820","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Herr R, Regnier A, Belorgeot M, Melotte E, Simon J, Sanz LRD, et al. Swallowing assessment in post-comatose patients: a feasibility study on the SWADOC Tool. J Clin Med 2024; 13: 3268.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13113268"},{"key":"116821","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Melotte E, Maudoux A, Panda R, Kaux JF, Lagier A, Herr R, et al. Links between swallowing and consciousness: a narrative review. Dysphagia 2023; 38: 42\u201364.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-022-10452-2"},{"key":"116822","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hamdy S, Aziz Q, Rothwell JC, Crone R, Hughes D, Tallis RC, et al. Explaining oropharyngeal dysphagia after unilateral hemispheric stroke. Lancet 1997; 350: 686\u2013692.","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(97)02068-0"},{"key":"116823","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gow D, Rothwell J, Hobson A, Thompson D, Hamdy S. Induction of long-term plasticity in human swallowing motor cortex following repetitive cortical stimulation. Clin Neurophysiol 2004; 115: 1044\u20131051.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinph.2003.12.001"},{"key":"116824","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hamdy S, Aziz Q, Rothwell JC, Hobson A, Barlow J, Thompson DG. Cranial nerve modulation of human cortical swallowing motor pathways. Am J Physiol 1997; 272: G802\u2013808.","DOI":"10.1152\/ajpgi.1997.272.4.G802"},{"key":"116825","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cheng I, Takahashi K, Miller A, Hamdy S. Cerebral control of swallowing: an update on neurobehavioral evidence. J Neurol Sci 2022; 442: 120434.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2022.120434"},{"key":"116826","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Michel A, Verin E, Hansen K, Chassagne P, Roca F. Buccofacial apraxia, oropharyngeal dysphagia, and dementia severity in community-dwelling elderly patients. J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2021; 34: 150\u2013155.","DOI":"10.1177\/0891988720915519"},{"key":"116827","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wannez S, Heine L, Thonnard M, Gosseries O, Laureys S; Coma Science Group collaborators. The repetition of behavioral assessments in diagnosis of disorders of consciousness. Ann Neurol 2017; 81: 883\u2013889.","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.24962"}],"container-title":["Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/medicaljournalssweden.se\/jrm\/article\/download\/42692\/50639","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/medicaljournalssweden.se\/jrm\/article\/download\/42692\/50639","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,8]],"date-time":"2025-07-08T12:10:42Z","timestamp":1751976642000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/medicaljournalssweden.se\/jrm\/article\/view\/42692"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]},"references-count":18,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2340\/jrm.v57.42692","relation":{},"ISSN":["1651-2081"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1651-2081"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,1]]}}}