{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T10:15:17Z","timestamp":1788344117702,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MJS Publishing, Medical Journals Sweden AB","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788307200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JRM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: To identify latent classes with distinct disability profiles among patients with persistent neck pain using item-level responses from the Neck Disability Index, and to examine demographic, clinical, and lifestyle factors associated with class membership.\nDesign: Cross-sectional survey-based study.\nPatients: 962 patients with persistent neck pain.\nMethods: This survey-based study included 962 patients with persistent neck pain. Latent class analysis was performed using the 10 dichotomized items of the Neck Disability Index (NDI) as indicator variables. Demographic, clinical, and lifestyle characteristics were subsequently examined across the identified latent classes.\nResults: The mean age was 50 (SD 32.5) years and 647 (67%) were women. Three distinct classes were identified: class with no or mild disability (47% of the sample); class with moderate disability in reading, driving, and lifting but not in personal care and concentration (15% of the sample); and class with overall severe disability (37% of the sample). Lower educational level, obesity, physical inactivity, worse pain, and lower occupational status were associated with a higher probability of belonging to the severe disability class.\nConclusion: Patients with persistent neck pain appear to exhibit distinct disability profiles rather than a single uniform pattern of functional limitation. Identifying these profiles may improve the characterization of patient heterogeneity and provide a basis for future research evaluating their clinical and prognostic relevance. Further studies are needed to determine whether these profiles are reproducible in other populations and whether they have implications for treatment planning and outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2340\/jrm.v58.46022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T09:29:00Z","timestamp":1788341340000},"page":"jrm46022","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Identifying classes with different disability profiles amongst patients with persistent neck pain"],"prefix":"10.2340","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Konsta","family":"Koivunen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikhail","family":"Saltychev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juhani","family":"Juhola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1183","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"167085","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu A-M, Cross M, Elliott JM, Culbreth GT, Haile LM, Steinmetz JD, et al. Global, regional, and national burden of neck pain, 1990&#x2013; 2020, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of -Disease Study 2021. Lancet Rheumatol 2024; 6: e142\u2013e155.","DOI":"10.2139\/ssrn.4427441"},{"key":"167086","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fejer R, Hartvigsen J. Neck pain and disability due to neck pain: what is the relation? Eur Spine J 2008; 17: 80\u201388.","DOI":"10.1007\/s00586-007-0521-9"},{"key":"167087","unstructured":"Carroll LJ, Hurwitz EL, C\u00f4t\u00e9 P, Hogg-Johnson S, Carragee EJ, Nordin M, et al. Research priorities and methodological implications: the Bone and Joint Decade 2000\u20132010 Task Force on Neck Pain and Its Associated Disorders. J Manip Physiol Ther 2009; 32: S244\u2013S251."},{"key":"167088","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Feleus A, Bierma-Zeinstra SMA, Miedema HS, Bernsen RMD, Verhaar JAN, Koes BW. Incidence of non-traumatic complaints of arm, neck and shoulder in general practice. 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Eur J Pain 2018; 22: 103\u2013113.","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.1094"},{"key":"167092","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Weller BE, Bowen NK, Faubert SJ. Latent Class Analysis: a guide to best practice. J Black Psychol 2020; 46: 287\u2013311.","DOI":"10.1177\/0095798420930932"},{"key":"167093","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dianat I, Alipour A, Asghari Jafarabadi M. Multigroup latent class model of musculoskeletal pain combinations in children\/adolescents: identifying high-risk groups by gender and age. J Headache Pain 2018; 19: 52.","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-018-0880-0"},{"key":"167094","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hartvigsen J, Davidsen M, Hestbaek L, Sogaard K, Roos EM. Patterns of musculoskeletal pain in the population: a latent class analysis using a nationally representative interviewer-based survey of 4817 Danes. Eur J Pain 2013; 17: 452\u2013460.","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1532-2149.2012.00225.x"},{"key":"167095","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gallagher KM, Howie EK, Carney M. Musculoskeletal pain latent classes and biopsychosocial characteristics among emerging adults. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24: 334.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-023-06412-y"},{"key":"167096","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Seet V, Abdin E, Jeyagurunathan A, Chik TS, Kit LJ, Sing LE, et al. Health and disability: a multi-group latent class analysis of the World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule 2.0 among those with mental and physical health conditions. Health Qual Life Outcomes 2024; 22: 57.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12955-024-02273-8"},{"key":"167097","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Obbarius A, Fischer F, Liegl G, Obbarius N, van Bebber J, Hofmann T, et al. A step towards a better understanding of pain phenotypes: latent class analysis in chronic pain patients receiving multimodal inpatient treatment. J Pain Res 2020; 13: 1023\u20131038.","DOI":"10.2147\/JPR.S223092"},{"key":"167098","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rundell SD, Meier EN, Jarvik JG, Friedly JL, Horn ME, Suri P, et al. Phenotypes of patients with symptomatic lumbar spinal stenosis presenting for nonoperative care: baseline data from the Lumbar Stenosis Prognostic Subgroups for Personalizing Care and Treatment Study (PROSPECTS). Pain Med 2026; 27: 177\u2013188.","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnaf099"},{"key":"167099","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yang J, Lafage V, Lafage R, Smith J, Klineberg EO, Shaffrey CI, et al. Determinants of patient satisfaction 2 years after spinal deformity surgery: a latent class analysis. 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Rehabil Res Pract 2024; 2024: 3126892.","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/3126892"},{"key":"167110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Michaelson P, Michaelson M, Jaric S, Latash ML, Sj\u00f6lander P, Djupsj\u00f6backa M. Vertical posture and head stability in patients with chronic neck pain. J Rehabil Med 2003; 35: 229\u2013235.","DOI":"10.1080\/16501970306093"},{"key":"167111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cheung J, Kajaks T, Macdermid JC. The relationship between neck pain and physical activity. Open Orthop J 2013; 7: 521\u2013529.","DOI":"10.2174\/1874325001307010521"},{"key":"167112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Alshahrani A, Ghulam HSH, Alqhtani RS, Al Sharyah YHH, Ahmed H, Aafreen A, et al. Cervical health parameters in car drivers: assessing the influence of driving on neck pain, mobility, proprioception and craniovertebral angle \u2013 a cross-sectional study. 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J Aging Health 2006; 18: 56\u201369.","DOI":"10.1177\/0898264305280976"},{"key":"167122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Safiri S, Kolahi AA, Hoy D, Buchbinder R, Mansournia MA, Bettampadi D, et al. Global, regional, and national burden of neck pain in the general population, 1990\u20132017: systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017. BMJ 2020; 368: m791.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m791"},{"key":"167123","unstructured":"GBD 2021 Neck Pain Collaborators. Global, regional, and -national burden of neck pain, 1990\u20132020, and projections to 2050: a systematic analysis of the Global Burden of -Disease Study 2021. Lancet Rheumatol 2024; 6: e142\u2013e155."}],"container-title":["Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/medicaljournalssweden.se\/jrm\/article\/download\/46022\/55325","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/medicaljournalssweden.se\/jrm\/article\/download\/46022\/55325","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T09:29:06Z","timestamp":1788341346000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/medicaljournalssweden.se\/jrm\/article\/view\/46022"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]},"references-count":39,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2340\/jrm.v58.46022","relation":{},"ISSN":["1651-2081"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1651-2081","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]]}}}