{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T22:15:17Z","timestamp":1790806517893,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"MJS Publishing, Medical Journals Sweden AB","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786924800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["JRM"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: Rehabilitation is a health strategy implemented with specific programmes across multiple health conditions. This study aimed to identify rehabilitation programmes\u2019 commonalities among health conditions and partners, as required by the PREPARE (Personalised REhabilitation via Novel AI PAtient StRatification StratEgies) project.\nDesign: Qualitative study.\nSubjects\/Patients: Seven rehabilitation programmes in Europe covering diverse health conditions were chosen according to PREPARE research needs for their availability of large clinical databases.\nMethods: The Guideline for Interventions Description in Rehabilitation (GUIDE-Rehab) was used to describe targets, components, and ingredients of rehabilitation programmes. These elements were mapped to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) domains.\nResults: The programmes\u2019 interventions covered all ICF domains collectively, but not individually. Body functions and structures were the most frequent domains, whereas participation and contextual factors were underrepresented. Similar components (e.g., exercise, orthoses) were applied to different objectives depending on the underlying intervention theory. Pharmacological and surgical elements were also integral parts of rehabilitation programmes.\nConclusion: We found differences and incomplete coverage of ICF domains in highly specialized programmes, incorporating organ-based and functioning-based approaches. Future studies should check (i) the generalizability and (ii) if results are justified by differences among health conditions or due to incomplete rehabilitation programmes\/description.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2340\/jrm.v58.46211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T11:02:09Z","timestamp":1786964529000},"page":"jrm46211","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Mapping the commonalities of rehabilitation: using GUIDE-rehab to open the black box of programmes across diverse health conditions"],"prefix":"10.2340","volume":"58","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1878-2747","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stefano","family":"Negrini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9789-9689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena","family":"Burger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3719-8789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paolo","family":"Capodaglio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2694-4638","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Gabriella","family":"Ceravolo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9542-5105","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa","family":"Hoogendam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4631-696X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esther","family":"Janssen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4264-3350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Greta","family":"Jurenaite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5573-2693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Calogero","family":"Malfitano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9969-9955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Pennestri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2432-6756","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ruud","family":"Selles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7062-5143","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluca Martino","family":"Tartaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8500-7751","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charlotte","family":"Kiekens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1183","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"165924","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Strengthening rehabilitation in health systems [Serial on the Internet]. Geneva; 2023 [cited 2025 May 5]. Available from: https:\/\/apps.who.int\/gb\/ebwha\/pdf_files\/WHA76\/A76_R6-en.pdf"},{"key":"165925","unstructured":"WHO. Rehabilitation [Serial on the Internet]. 2024 [cited 2026 Apr 14]. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/news-room\/fact-sheets\/detail\/rehabilitation"},{"key":"165926","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Negrini S, Selb M, Kiekens C, Todhunter-Brown A, Arienti C, Stucki G, et al. Rehabilitation definition for research purposes: a global stakeholders\u2019 initiative by Cochrane Rehabilitation. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2022; 58: 333\u2013341.","DOI":"10.23736\/S1973-9087.22.07509-8"},{"key":"165927","unstructured":"PREPARE Consortium. PREPARE \u2013 Personalised Rehabilitation via Novel AI Patient Stratification Strategies [Serial on the Internet]. 2025 [cited 2025 Aug 30]. Available from: https:\/\/prepare-rehab.eu\/"},{"key":"165928","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arienti C, Armijo-Olivo S, Minozzi S, Tjosvold L, Lazzarini SG, Patrini M, et al. Methodological issues in rehabilitation research: a scoping review. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2021; 102: 1614\u20131622.e14.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2021.04.006"},{"key":"165929","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Negrini S, Arienti C, Pollet J, Engkasan JP, Francisco GE, Frontera WR, et al. Clinical replicability of rehabilitation interventions in randomized controlled trials reported in main journals is inadequate. J Clin Epidemiol 2019; 114: 108\u2013117.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2019.06.008"},{"key":"165930","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dijkers MP. An end to the black box of rehabilitation? Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2019; 100: 144\u2013145.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2018.09.108"},{"key":"165931","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jette AM. Opening the black box of rehabilitation interventions. Phys Ther 2020; 100: 883\u2013884.","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzaa078"},{"key":"165932","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arienti C, Buraschi R, Pollet J, Lazzarini SG, Cordani C, Negrini S, et al. A systematic review opens the black box of \u201cusual care\u201d in stroke rehabilitation control groups and finds a black hole. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2022; 58: 520\u2013529.","DOI":"10.23736\/S1973-9087.22.07413-5"},{"key":"165933","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Negrini S, Arienti C, Armijo-Olivo S, C\u00f4t\u00e9 P, Heinemann AW, Kiekens C, et al. Reporting GUideline for Intervention DEscription in Rehabilitation (GUIDE-Rehab): a tool to open the \u2018black box\u2019 of rehabilitation complex interventions. BMJ Evid Based Med 2025: bmjebm-2025-113997.","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjebm-2025-113997"},{"key":"165934","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kiekens C, Burger H, Capodaglio P, Ceravolo MG, Janssen E, Jurenaite G, et al. Commonalities in rehabilitation data across diverse health conditions: a comparison of seven large European databases. J Rehabil Med 2026; 58: jrm45495.","DOI":"10.2340\/jrm.v58.45495"},{"key":"165935","unstructured":"EQUATOR Network. Enhancing the QUAlity and Transparency Of health Research [Serial on the Internet]. 2026 [cited 2026 Apr 14]. Available from: https:\/\/www.equator-network.org\/reporting-guidelines\/reporting-guideline-for-intervention-description-in-rehabilitation-guide-rehab\/"},{"key":"165936","unstructured":"World Health Organization. International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) [Serial on the Internet]. Endorsed by the 54th World Health Assembly on 22 May 2001 (Resolution WHA 54.21). 2001 [cited 2025 Aug 30]. Available from: www.who.int\/standards\/classifications\/international-classification-of-functioning-disability-and-health"},{"key":"165937","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chan RCK. Active participation and autonomy: an ultimate target for rehabilitation. Disabil Rehabil 2002; 24: 983\u2013984.","DOI":"10.1080\/09638280210152030"},{"key":"165938","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Levack WMM, Rathore FA, Pollet J, Negrini S. One in 11 Cochrane reviews are on rehabilitation interventions, according to pragmatic inclusion criteria developed by Cochrane Rehabilitation. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2019; 100: 1492\u20131498.","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.01.021"},{"key":"165939","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Oral A, Kiekens C, DE Vriendt P, Satink T, Van de Velde D, Grazio S, et al. Development of simple descriptions of the ICF Generic-30 Set in different languages: laying the foundation for an ICF-based clinical tool for Europe. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2023; 59: 271\u2013283.","DOI":"10.23736\/S1973-9087.23.07932-7"},{"key":"165940","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Selb M, Gimigliano F, Prodinger B, Stucki G, Pestelli G, Iocco M, et al. Toward an International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health clinical data collection tool: the Italian experience of developing simple, intuitive descriptions of the Rehabilitation Set categories. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2017; 53: 290\u2013298.","DOI":"10.23736\/S1973-9087.16.04250-7"}],"container-title":["Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/medicaljournalssweden.se\/jrm\/article\/download\/46211\/55174","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/medicaljournalssweden.se\/jrm\/article\/download\/46211\/55174","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T11:02:35Z","timestamp":1786964555000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/medicaljournalssweden.se\/jrm\/article\/view\/46211"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]},"references-count":17,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2340\/jrm.v58.46211","relation":{},"ISSN":["1651-2081"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1651-2081","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]]}}}