{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T05:54:50Z","timestamp":1772171690199,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MJS Publishing, Medical Journals Sweden AB","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756252800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["SJU"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: The study aimed to culturally adapt the Expanded Prostate Cancer Composite-26 (EPIC-26) questionnaire to Finnish and evaluate its usability in routine clinical practice in Finland.\nMaterial and methods: We translated the EPIC-26 questionnaire into Finnish, reviewed it, back-translated it into English, and reviewed it again. We evaluated the questionnaire in four high-volume university hospitals in Finland. The study included 220 Finnish-speaking patients with untreated, newly diagnosed non-metastatic prostate cancer. Patients completed the EPIC-26 twice before treatment and twice 6 months after treatment. We assessed internal consistency, test-retest reliability, sensitivity to change, and unanswered questions.\nResults: The mean age of the patients was 68 years, with 69% diagnosed with low- or intermediate-risk prostate cancer according to the D\u2019Amico classification. The most common treatment was radical prostatectomy (36%), followed by radiation therapy (31%) and active surveillance (25%). The minimum score, i.e. the worst assessment, was observed most frequently in the sexual domain (8%), while the maximum score was in the bowel domain (47%). Irritation\/obstruction and hormonal domains showed low internal consistency due to the questions regarding haematuria and breast problems. Patients who underwent radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy had statistically significant changes between pre- and post-treatment scores. Most men (72%) completed the questionnaire. Older patients were more prone to leave questions unanswered, particularly questions with multiple items (odds ratio 0.39; 95% confidence interval 0.20\u20130.80).\nConclusions: The Finnish version of the EPIC-26 questionnaire can be used in clinical practice. Completing the questionnaire may be more difficult for older patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2340\/sju.v60.44371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T07:03:24Z","timestamp":1756278204000},"page":"151-157","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation of the Finnish version of the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite-26 for patients with localised prostate cancer"],"prefix":"10.2340","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Otto","family":"Ettala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robin","family":"Bergroth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jarno","family":"Riikonen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Bostr\u00f6m","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juha","family":"Koskim\u00e4ki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jani","family":"Kuisma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Antti","family":"Rannikko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Markku","family":"Vaarala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin G","family":"Sanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henrikki","family":"Santti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1183","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"124320","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Di Maio M, Basch E, Denis F, et al. 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Development and validation of an abbreviated version of the expanded prostate cancer index composite instrument for measuring health-related quality of life among prostate cancer survivors. Urology. 2010;76(5):1245\u201350. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.urology.2010.01.027","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2010.01.027"},{"key":"124324","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wei JT, Dunn RL, Litwin MS, et al. Development and validation of the expanded prostate cancer index composite (EPIC) for comprehensive assessment of health-related quality of life in men with prostate cancer. Urology. 2000;56(6):899\u2013905. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/S0090-4295(00)00858-X","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(00)00858-X"},{"key":"124325","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Litwin MS, Hays RD, Fink A, et al. The UCLA Prostate Cancer Index: development, reliability, and validity of a health-related quality of life measure. 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Assessing quality of life in men with clinically localized prostate cancer: development of a new instrument for use in multiple settings. Qual Life Res. 2000;9(6):645\u201365. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1023\/A:1008931703884","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1008931703884"},{"key":"124329","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rnic K, Linden W, Tudor I, et al. Measuring symptoms in localized prostate cancer: a systematic review of assessment instruments. Pros-tate Cancer Prostatic Dis. 2013;16(2):111\u201322. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/pcan.2013.1","DOI":"10.1038\/pcan.2013.1"},{"key":"124330","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Axcrona K, Nilsson R, Brennhovd B, et al. Psychometric properties of the expanded prostate cancer index composite \u2013 26 instrument in a cohort of radical prostatectomy patients: theoretical and practical examinations. 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Patient-reported outcome (PRO) questionnaires for men who have radical surgery for prostate cancer: a conceptual review of existing instruments. BJU Int. 2017;120(4):468\u201381. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/bju.13896","DOI":"10.1111\/bju.13896"},{"key":"124339","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Vigneault \u00c9, Savard J, Savard MH, et al. Validation of the French-Canadian version of the Expanded Prostate Cancer Index Composite (EPIC) in a French-Canadian population. Can Urol Assoc J. 2017;11(12):404\u201310. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5489\/cuaj.4428","DOI":"10.5489\/cuaj.4428"},{"key":"124340","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Forgione M, Sara S, Vincent AD, et al. Satisfaction with care in men with prostate cancer. Eur J Cancer Care. 2019;28(4):e13028. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ecc.13028","DOI":"10.1111\/ecc.13028"},{"key":"124341","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sibert NT, Dieng S, Oesterle A, et al. 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