{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T16:06:39Z","timestamp":1784649999403,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"Operative Dentistry","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The addition of film-forming polymers to fluoride varnishes may enhance their protective effect against erosive tooth wear. This study evaluated experimental varnishes combining fluoride with polymethacrylate copolymers for controlling enamel wear under erosive-abrasive conditions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods and Materials:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Polished bovine enamel specimens were demineralized (0.3% citric acid, pH 2.6, 5 minutes) and assigned to six groups (n = 15) based on treatment: amino methacrylate copolymer (AMC); methyl methacrylate copolymer (MMC); AMC with sodium fluoride (AMC+NaF); MMC with sodium fluoride (MMC+NaF); ultrapure water (negative control, NC); and a commercial varnish (positive control; Duraphat, Colgate-Palmolive Company). Experimental varnishes contained 15% polymer, and fluoride-containing groups had 5% NaF. Specimens underwent nine-day erosive-abrasive cycling consisting of five minutes immersion in 0.3% citric acid, 60 minutes in artificial saliva, repeated four times daily, combined with toothbrushing for 15 seconds twice daily. Surface loss (SL) was measured after treatment to confirm varnish thickness standardization and at the end of cycling using contact profilometry. KOH-soluble fluoride (\u00b5g\/cm\n                      <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                      ) on enamel was also quantified. Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA for surface loss, and Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn\n                      <jats:italic>post hoc<\/jats:italic>\n                      tests for KOH-soluble fluoride (\u03b1 = 0.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      AMC+NaF, MMC+NaF, and the commercial varnish (Duraphat) significantly reduced SL compared to the negative control and polymer-only varnishes (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001). No significant differences were observed between Duraphat and AMC+NaF (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.139) or MMC+NaF (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.166). For KOH-soluble fluoride, AMC+NaF showed lower values than MMC+NaF (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001), while Duraphat did not differ significantly from either.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Varnishes formulated with polymethacrylate copolymers and sodium fluoride provided\n                      <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                      protection against enamel erosive-abrasive wear, with efficacy comparable to the commercial varnish tested.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2341\/25-041-l","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T01:50:44Z","timestamp":1783734644000},"page":"612-626","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of Experimental Polymer-Based Fluoride Varnishes Against Erosive Tooth Wear"],"prefix":"10.2341","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"TM","family":"de Andrade Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Tamires Maria de Andrade Santos, DDS, MsC, S\u00e3o Paulo State University - UNESP, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MG","family":"Augusto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marina Gullo Augusto, DDS, MSc, PhD S\u00e3o Paulo State University - UNESP, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil; and School of Dentistry, Centro Universit\u00e1rio de Cascavel - UNIVEL, Cascavel, Parana, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JB","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Juliana Benace Fernandes, DDS, S\u00e3o Paulo State University-UNESP, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazi"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"VC","family":"Bottesini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Victor Cavallaro Bottesini, DDS, MSc, S\u00e3o Paulo State University - UNESP, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry, S\u00e3o Jos\u00e9 dos Campos, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"IV","family":"Aoki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Idalina Vieira Aoki, BSc, MSc, PhD, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, USP Polytechnic School, Department of Chemical Engineering, S\u00e3o Paulo, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Scaramucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ta\u00eds Scaramucci, DDS, PhD, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, USP, School of Dentistry, Department of Restorative Dentistry"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CRG","family":"Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carlos Rocha Gomes Torres, DDS, PhD, S\u00e3o Paulo State University - UNESP, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"AB","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Alessandra B\u00fchler Borges, DDS, MSc, PhD, PhD, S\u00e3o Paulo State University - UNESP, Institute of Science and Technology, Department of Restorative Dentistry"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1188","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"b1","series-title":"Caries Research","first-page":"2","article-title":"Terminology of erosive tooth wear: consensus report of a workshop organized by the ORCA and the cariology research group of the IADR","volume":"54","author":"Schlueter N","year":"2020","unstructured":"Schlueter N, Amaechi BT, Bartlett D, Buzalaf MAR, Carvalho TS, Ganss C, Hara AT, Huysmans M-CDNJM, Lussi A, Moazzez R, Vieira AR, West NX, Wiegand A, Young A, & Lippert F (2020) Terminology of erosive tooth wear: consensus report of a workshop organized by the ORCA and the cariology research group of the IADR Caries Research 54(1) 2-6. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159\/000503308"},{"issue":"5","key":"b2","series-title":"British Dental Journal","first-page":"364","article-title":"Erosive tooth wear - a review on global prevalence and on its prevalence in risk groups","volume":"224","author":"Schlueter N","year":"2018","unstructured":"Schlueter N & Luka B (2018) Erosive tooth wear - a review on global prevalence and on its prevalence in risk groups British Dental Journal 224(5) 364-370. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/SJ.BDJ.2018.167"},{"key":"b3","series-title":"Erosive tooth wear: from diagnosis to therapy","first-page":"244","article-title":"Alternatives to fluoride in the prevention and treatment of dental erosion","author":"Buzalaf MAR","year":"2014","unstructured":"Buzalaf MAR, Magalh\u00e3es AC, & Wiegand A (2014) Alternatives to fluoride in the prevention and treatment of dental erosion In: A Lussi, C Ganss (eds) Erosive tooth wear: from diagnosis to therapy, S. 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