{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T02:04:51Z","timestamp":1777082691047,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Operative Dentistry","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"SUMMARY<\/jats:title>\n \n Purpose:<\/jats:title>\n This study evaluates the reduction in dentin permeability (P) and the expression of nanoleakage in resin-dentin interfaces made with universal adhesives, comparing the self-etch mode of application with the etch-and-rinse mode of application.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods and Materials:<\/jats:title>\n To measure dentin P at the baseline and after adhesive polymerization, 80 extracted noncarious human third molars (N=80) were sectioned to obtain 0.7-mm-thick midcoronal dentin disks. The specimens were randomly assigned to 8 groups according to the different adhesive systems and application modes used: Scotchbond Universal (SBU; etch-and-rinse [ER] mode vs self-etch [SE] mode), OptiBond XTR (OPT; etch-and-rinse mode vs self-etch mode), Clearfil Universal Bond Quick (CL; etch-and-rinse mode vs self-etch mode), and Adhese Universal (ADH; etch-and-rinse mode vs self-etch mode). A two-way analysis of variance with interaction was used to evaluate the P reduction differences among the groups (\u03b1=0.05). Sixteen additional 0.7-mm-thick dentin disks were similarly prepared and treated, immersed in 50 wt% ammoniacal silver nitrate, and then processed according to conventional methods for analysis under transmission electron microscopy.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results:<\/jats:title>\n The differences in P reduction among the adhesives were significant (p<\/jats:italic>=0.029). For OPT and ADH (p<\/jats:italic>=0.0304 and p<\/jats:italic>=0.0120, respectively), the P reduction was higher in the ER mode than in the SE mode. For CL and SBU, no differences in P reduction was observed between the two application modes (p<\/jats:italic>>0.05). All the groups showed some pattern of nanoleakage.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions:<\/jats:title>\n No adhesive system completely reduced dentin P. Dentin sealing was higher for OPT and ADH in the ER mode, while for SBU and CL, there was no difference between the two modes. All the adhesive systems showed nanoleakage.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2341\/19-276-l","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,23]],"date-time":"2021-08-23T14:09:44Z","timestamp":1629727784000},"page":"293-305","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Dentin Permeability and Nanoleakage of Universal Adhesives in Etch-and-rinse vs Self-etch Modes"],"prefix":"10.2341","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"JMMS","family":"Cruz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[]},{"given":"ALGBM","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"RMRF","family":"Eira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"BMPR","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"MMN","family":"Lopes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]},{"given":"AJCCS","family":"Cavalheiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[]}],"member":"1188","reference":[{"issue":"26","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b1","series-title":"Biomaterials","first-page":"3757","article-title":"Systematic review of the chemical composition of contemporary dental adhesives","volume":"28","year":"2007","unstructured":"Van Landuyt\n KL,\n \n \n Snauwaert\n J,\n \n \n De Munck\n J,\n \n \n Peumans\n M,\n \n \n Yoshida\n Y,\n \n \n Poitevin\n A,\n \n \n Coutinho\n E,\n \n \n Suzuki\n K,\n \n \n Lambrechts\n P,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tVan MeerbeekB(\n\t\t\t\t\t2007)\n\t\t\t\t\tSystematic review of the chemical composition of contemporary dental adhesivesBiomaterials28(\n\t\t\t\t\t26)\n\t\t\t\t\t3757\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t3785,\n\t\t\t\t\t10.1016\/j.biomaterials.2007.04.044"},{"issue":"5","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b2","series-title":"Materials (Basel)","first-page":"790","article-title":"10-MDP based dental adhesives: adhesive interface characterization and adhesive stability - a systematic review","volume":"12","year":"2019","unstructured":"Carrilho\n E,\n \n \n Cardoso\n M,\n \n \n Marques Ferreira\n M,\n \n \n Marto\n CM,\n \n \n Paula\n A,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tCoelhoAS(\n\t\t\t\t\t2019)\n\t\t\t\t\t10-MDP based dental adhesives: adhesive interface characterization and adhesive stability - a systematic reviewMaterials (Basel)12(\n\t\t\t\t\t5)\n\t\t\t\t\t790,\n\t\t\t\t\t10.3390\/ma12050790"},{"issue":"1","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b3","series-title":"Journal of Dentistry","first-page":"55","article-title":"Adhesive permeability affects coupling of resin cements that utilise self-etching primers to dentine","volume":"32","year":"2004","unstructured":"Carvalho\n RM,\n \n \n Pegoraro\n TA,\n \n \n Tay\n FR,\n \n \n Pegoraro\n LF,\n \n \n Silva\n NR,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPashleyDH(\n\t\t\t\t\t2004)\n\t\t\t\t\tAdhesive permeability affects coupling of resin cements that utilise self-etching primers to dentineJournal of Dentistry32(\n\t\t\t\t\t1)\n\t\t\t\t\t55\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t65."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b4","series-title":"Journal of Adhesive Dentistry","first-page":"243","article-title":"Performance of a new one-step multi-mode adhesive on etched vs non-etched enamel on bond strength and interfacial morphology","volume":"16","year":"2014","unstructured":"de Goes\n MF,\n \n \n Shinohara\n MS,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tFreitasMS(\n\t\t\t\t\t2014)\n\t\t\t\t\tPerformance of a new one-step multi-mode adhesive on etched vs non-etched enamel on bond strength and interfacial morphologyJournal of Adhesive Dentistry16(\n\t\t\t\t\t3)\n\t\t\t\t\t243\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t250,\n\t\t\t\t\t10.3290\/j.jad.a32033"},{"issue":"4","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b5","series-title":"American Journal of Dentistry","first-page":"174","article-title":"Microtensile bond strength to dentin and enamel of self-etch vs. etch-and-rinse modes of universal adhesives","volume":"32","year":"2019","unstructured":"Cruz\n J,\n \n \n Sousa\n B,\n \n \n Coito\n C,\n \n \n Lopes\n M,\n \n \n Vargas\n M,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tCavalheiroA(\n\t\t\t\t\t2019)\n\t\t\t\t\tMicrotensile bond strength to dentin and enamel of self-etch vs. etch-and-rinse modes of universal adhesivesAmerican Journal of Dentistry32(\n\t\t\t\t\t4)\n\t\t\t\t\t174\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t182."},{"issue":"7","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b6","series-title":"Journal of Dentistry","first-page":"371","article-title":"Single-step adhesives are permeable membranes","volume":"30","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tay\n FR,\n \n \n Pashley\n DH,\n \n \n Suh\n BI,\n \n \n Carvalho\n RM,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tItthagarunA(\n\t\t\t\t\t2002)\n\t\t\t\t\tSingle-step adhesives are permeable membranesJournal of Dentistry30(\n\t\t\t\t\t7\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t8)\n\t\t\t\t\t371\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t382."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b7","series-title":"American Journal of Dentistry","first-page":"271","article-title":"Single-step, self-etch adhesives behave as permeable membranes after polymerization. Part I. Bond strength and morphologic evidence","volume":"17","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tay\n FR,\n \n \n Pashley\n DH,\n \n \n Suh\n B,\n \n \n Carvalho\n R,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tMillerM(\n\t\t\t\t\t2004)\n\t\t\t\t\tSingle-step, self-etch adhesives behave as permeable membranes after polymerization. Part I. Bond strength and morphologic evidenceAmerican Journal of Dentistry17(\n\t\t\t\t\t4)\n\t\t\t\t\t271\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t278."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b8","series-title":"Journal of Adhesive Dentistry","first-page":"57","article-title":"Nanoleakage of cervical restorations of four dentin bonding systems","volume":"2","year":"2000","unstructured":"Li\n H,\n \n \n Burrow\n MF,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tTyasMJ(\n\t\t\t\t\t2000)\n\t\t\t\t\tNanoleakage of cervical restorations of four dentin bonding systemsJournal of Adhesive Dentistry2(\n\t\t\t\t\t1)\n\t\t\t\t\t57\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t65."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b9","series-title":"Operative Dentistry","first-page":"160","article-title":"Comparative SEM and TEM observations of nanoleakage within the hybrid layer","volume":"20","year":"1995","unstructured":"Sano\n H,\n \n \n Yoshiyama\n M,\n \n \n Ebisu\n S,\n \n \n Burrow\n MF,\n \n \n Takatsu\n T,\n \n \n Ciucchi\n B,\n \n \n Carvalho\n R,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPashleyDH(\n\t\t\t\t\t1995)\n\t\t\t\t\tComparative SEM and TEM observations of nanoleakage within the hybrid layerOperative Dentistry20(\n\t\t\t\t\t4)\n\t\t\t\t\t160\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t167."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b10","series-title":"Operative Dentistry","first-page":"18","article-title":"Nanoleakage: leakage within the hybrid layer","volume":"20","year":"1995","unstructured":"Sano\n H,\n \n \n Takatsu\n T,\n \n \n Ciucchi\n B,\n \n \n Horner\n JA,\n \n \n Matthews\n WG,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPashleyDH(\n\t\t\t\t\t1995)\n\t\t\t\t\tNanoleakage: leakage within the hybrid layerOperative Dentistry20(\n\t\t\t\t\t1)\n\t\t\t\t\t18\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t25."},{"issue":"7","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b11","series-title":"Journal of Dental Research","first-page":"472","article-title":"Two modes of nanoleakage expression in single-step adhesives","volume":"81","year":"2002","unstructured":"Tay\n FR,\n \n \n Pashley\n DH,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tYoshiyamaM(\n\t\t\t\t\t2002)\n\t\t\t\t\tTwo modes of nanoleakage expression in single-step adhesivesJournal of Dental Research81(\n\t\t\t\t\t7)\n\t\t\t\t\t472\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t476."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b12","series-title":"American Journal of Dentistry","first-page":"182","article-title":"Nanoleakage types and potential implications: evidence from unfilled and filled adhesives with the same resin composition","volume":"17","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tay\n FR,\n \n \n Pashley\n DH,\n \n \n Yiu\n C,\n \n \n Cheong\n C,\n \n \n Hashimoto\n M,\n \n \n Itou\n K,\n \n \n Yoshiyama\n M,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tKingNM(\n\t\t\t\t\t2004)\n\t\t\t\t\tNanoleakage types and potential implications: evidence from unfilled and filled adhesives with the same resin compositionAmerican Journal of Dentistry17(\n\t\t\t\t\t3)\n\t\t\t\t\t182\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t190."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b13","series-title":"Dental Materials","first-page":"268","article-title":"The influence of water storage and C-factor on the dentin-resin composite microtensile bond strength and debond pathway utilizing a filled and unfilled adhesive resin","volume":"17","year":"2001","unstructured":"Armstrong\n SR,\n \n \n Keller\n JC,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tBoyerDB(\n\t\t\t\t\t2001)\n\t\t\t\t\tThe influence of water storage and C-factor on the dentin-resin composite microtensile bond strength and debond pathway utilizing a filled and unfilled adhesive resinDental Materials17(\n\t\t\t\t\t3)\n\t\t\t\t\t268\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t276."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b14","series-title":"Journal of Biomedical Materials Research","first-page":"306","article-title":"Micromorphological changes in resin-dentin bonds after 1 year of water storage","volume":"63","year":"2002","unstructured":"Hashimoto\n M,\n \n \n Ohno\n H,\n \n \n Sano\n H,\n \n \n Tay\n FR,\n \n \n Kaga\n M,\n \n \n Kudou\n Y,\n \n \n Oguchi\n H,\n \n \n Araki\n Y,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tKubotaM(\n\t\t\t\t\t2002)\n\t\t\t\t\tMicromorphological changes in resin-dentin bonds after 1 year of water storageJournal of Biomedical Materials Research63(\n\t\t\t\t\t3)\n\t\t\t\t\t306\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t311."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b15","series-title":"Journal of Biomedical Materials Research","first-page":"287","article-title":"SEM and TEM analysis of water degradation of human dentinal collagen","volume":"66B","year":"2003","unstructured":"Hashimoto\n M,\n \n \n Tay\n FR,\n \n \n Ohno\n H,\n \n \n Sano\n H,\n \n \n Kaga\n M,\n \n \n Yiu\n C,\n \n \n Kumagai\n H,\n \n \n Kudou\n Y,\n \n \n Kubota\n M,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tOguchiH(\n\t\t\t\t\t2003)\n\t\t\t\t\tSEM and TEM analysis of water degradation of human dentinal collagenJournal of Biomedical Materials Research66B(\n\t\t\t\t\t1)\n\t\t\t\t\t287\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t298."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b16","series-title":"American Journal of Dentistry","first-page":"6","article-title":"Water treeing a potential mechanism for degradation of dentin adhesives","volume":"16","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tay\n FR\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPashleyDH(\n\t\t\t\t\t2003)\n\t\t\t\t\tWater treeing a potential mechanism for degradation of dentin adhesivesAmerican Journal of Dentistry16(\n\t\t\t\t\t1)\n\t\t\t\t\t6\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t12."},{"issue":"7","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b17","series-title":"Journal of Dental Research","first-page":"537","article-title":"Aging affects two modes of nanoleakage expression in bonded dentin","volume":"82","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tay\n FR,\n \n \n Hashimoto\n M,\n \n \n Pashley\n DH,\n \n \n Peters\n MC,\n \n \n Lai\n SC,\n \n \n Yiu\n CK,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tCheongC(\n\t\t\t\t\t2003)\n\t\t\t\t\tAging affects two modes of nanoleakage expression in bonded dentinJournal of Dental Research82(\n\t\t\t\t\t7)\n\t\t\t\t\t537\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t541,\n\t\t\t\t\t10.1177\/154405910308200710"},{"issue":"3","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b18","series-title":"Dental Materials Journal","first-page":"401","article-title":"In vitro permeability of etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesives used for immediate dentin sealing","volume":"31","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sahin\n C,\n \n \n Cehreli\n ZC,\n \n \n Yenigul\n M\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tDayangacB(\n\t\t\t\t\t2012)\n\t\t\t\t\tIn vitro permeability of etch-and-rinse and self-etch adhesives used for immediate dentin sealingDental Materials Journal31(\n\t\t\t\t\t3)\n\t\t\t\t\t401\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t408."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b19","series-title":"Dental Materials","first-page":"133","article-title":"The relationship between dentin bond strengths and dentin permeability","volume":"5","year":"1989","unstructured":"Tao\n L\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPashleyDH(\n\t\t\t\t\t1989)\n\t\t\t\t\tThe relationship between dentin bond strengths and dentin permeabilityDental Materials5(\n\t\t\t\t\t2)\n\t\t\t\t\t133\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t139."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b20","series-title":"Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology","first-page":"517","article-title":"Sensitivity of dentine","volume":"21","year":"1966","unstructured":"Br\u00e4nnstr\u00f6m\n M\n \n (\n\t\t\t\t\t1966)\n\t\t\t\t\tSensitivity of dentineOral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology21(\n\t\t\t\t\t4)\n\t\t\t\t\t517\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t526."},{"issue":"10","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b21","series-title":"Journal of Endodontics","first-page":"453","article-title":"The hydrodynamic theory of dentinal pain: sensation in preparations, caries, and the dentinal crack syndrome","volume":"12","year":"1986","unstructured":"Br\u00e4nnstr\u00f6m\n M\n \n (\n\t\t\t\t\t1986)\n\t\t\t\t\tThe hydrodynamic theory of dentinal pain: sensation in preparations, caries, and the dentinal crack syndromeJournal of Endodontics12(\n\t\t\t\t\t10)\n\t\t\t\t\t453\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t457."},{"issue":"Supplement 1","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b22","series-title":"Proceedings of the Finnish Dental Society","first-page":"7","article-title":"Etiology of dentin hypersensitivity","volume":"88","year":"1992","unstructured":"Br\u00e4nnstr\u00f6m\n M\n \n (\n\t\t\t\t\t1992)\n\t\t\t\t\tEtiology of dentin hypersensitivityProceedings of the Finnish Dental Society88(\n\t\t\t\t\tSupplement 1)\n\t\t\t\t\t7\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t13."},{"issue":"9","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b23","series-title":"Quintessence International","first-page":"618","article-title":"Permeability of dentin to adhesive agents","volume":"24","year":"1993","unstructured":"Pashley\n DH,\n \n \n Ciucchi\n B,\n \n \n Sano\n H,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tHornerJA(\n\t\t\t\t\t1993)\n\t\t\t\t\tPermeability of dentin to adhesive agentsQuintessence International24(\n\t\t\t\t\t9)\n\t\t\t\t\t618\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t631."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b24","series-title":"Dental Clinic North America","first-page":"211","article-title":"The effects of dentin permeability on restorative dentistry","volume":"46","year":"2002","unstructured":"Pashley\n DH,\n \n \n Pashley\n EL,\n \n \n Carvalho\n RM,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tTayFR(\n\t\t\t\t\t2002)\n\t\t\t\t\tThe effects of dentin permeability on restorative dentistryDental Clinic North America46(\n\t\t\t\t\t2)\n\t\t\t\t\t211\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t245,\n\t\t\t\t\tv\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\tvi."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b25","series-title":"Journal of Dentistry","first-page":"355","article-title":"Dentine permeability and dentine adhesion","volume":"25","year":"1997","unstructured":"Pashley\n DH\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tCarvalhoRM(\n\t\t\t\t\t1997)\n\t\t\t\t\tDentine permeability and dentine adhesionJournal of Dentistry25(\n\t\t\t\t\t5)\n\t\t\t\t\t355\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t372."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b26","series-title":"Journal of Dental Research","first-page":"1503","article-title":"A versatile split-chamber device for studying dentin permeability","volume":"53","year":"1974","unstructured":"Outhwaite\n WC,\n \n \n McKenzie\n DM,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPashleyDH(\n\t\t\t\t\t1974)\n\t\t\t\t\tA versatile split-chamber device for studying dentin permeabilityJournal of Dental Research53(\n\t\t\t\t\t6)\n\t\t\t\t\t1503."},{"key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b27","series-title":"Dentin Permeability: Theory and Practice","first-page":"20","year":"1990","unstructured":"Pashley\n D\n \n (\n\t\t\t\t\t1990)\n\t\t\t\t\tDentin Permeability: Theory and PracticeIn:SpangbergLSW(\n\t\t\t\t\ted )\n\t\t\t\t\tExperimental Endodontics CRC Press,\n\t\t\t\t\tBoca Raton, FL20\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t46."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b28","series-title":"Dental Materials","first-page":"79","article-title":"Storage effects on dentin permeability and shear bond strengths","volume":"9","year":"1993","unstructured":"Goodis\n HE,\n \n \n Marshall\n GW\n Jr.,\n \n \n White\n JM,\n \n \n Gee\n L,\n \n \n Hornberger\n B,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tMarshallSJ(\n\t\t\t\t\t1993)\n\t\t\t\t\tStorage effects on dentin permeability and shear bond strengthsDental Materials9(\n\t\t\t\t\t2)\n\t\t\t\t\t79\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t84."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b29","series-title":"Archives of Oral Biology","first-page":"41","article-title":"The effects of post-extraction time on the hydraulic conductance of human dentine in vitro","volume":"47","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ozok\n AR,\n \n \n Wu\n MK,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tWesselinkPR(\n\t\t\t\t\t2002)\n\t\t\t\t\tThe effects of post-extraction time on the hydraulic conductance of human dentine in vitroArchives of Oral Biology47(\n\t\t\t\t\t1)\n\t\t\t\t\t41\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t46."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b30","series-title":"Journal of Adhesive Dentistry","first-page":"393","article-title":"Effect of incorrect primer application on dentin permeability","volume":"8","year":"2006","unstructured":"Cavalheiro\n A,\n \n \n Vargas\n MA,\n \n \n Armstrong\n SR,\n \n \n Dawson\n DV,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tGrattonDG(\n\t\t\t\t\t2006)\n\t\t\t\t\tEffect of incorrect primer application on dentin permeabilityJournal of Adhesive Dentistry8(\n\t\t\t\t\t6)\n\t\t\t\t\t393\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t400."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b31","series-title":"Operative Dentistry","first-page":"95","article-title":"Effects of the smear layer, copalite, and oxalate on microleakage","volume":"11","year":"1986","unstructured":"Pashley\n DH\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tDepewDD(\n\t\t\t\t\t1986)\n\t\t\t\t\tEffects of the smear layer, copalite, and oxalate on microleakageOperative Dentistry11(\n\t\t\t\t\t3)\n\t\t\t\t\t95\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t102."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b32","series-title":"American Journal of Dentistry","first-page":"89","article-title":"The use of oxalate to reduce dentin permeability under adhesive restorations","volume":"14","year":"2001","unstructured":"Pashley\n DH,\n \n \n Carvalho\n RM,\n \n \n Pereira\n JC,\n \n \n Villanueva\n R,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tTayFR(\n\t\t\t\t\t2001)\n\t\t\t\t\tThe use of oxalate to reduce dentin permeability under adhesive restorationsAmerican Journal of Dentistry14(\n\t\t\t\t\t2)\n\t\t\t\t\t89\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t94."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b33","series-title":"Behavior Research Methods","first-page":"1149","article-title":"Statistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: tests for correlation and regression analyses","volume":"41","year":"2009","unstructured":"Faul\n F,\n \n \n Erdfelder\n E,\n \n \n Buchner\n A,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tLangAG(\n\t\t\t\t\t2009)\n\t\t\t\t\tStatistical power analyses using G*Power 3.1: tests for correlation and regression analysesBehavior Research Methods41(\n\t\t\t\t\t4)\n\t\t\t\t\t1149\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1160,\n\t\t\t\t\t10.3758\/BRM.41.4.1149"},{"issue":"2","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b34","series-title":"Behavior Research Methods","first-page":"175","article-title":"G*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences","volume":"39","year":"2007","unstructured":"Faul\n F,\n \n \n Erdfelder\n E,\n \n \n Lang\n AG,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tBuchnerA(\n\t\t\t\t\t2007)\n\t\t\t\t\tG*Power 3: a flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciencesBehavior Research Methods39(\n\t\t\t\t\t2)\n\t\t\t\t\t175\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t191."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b35","series-title":"American Journal of Dentistry","first-page":"33","article-title":"Dentin wetness, permeability and thickness and bond strength of adhesive systems","volume":"5","year":"1992","unstructured":"Prati\n C\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPashleyDH(\n\t\t\t\t\t1992)\n\t\t\t\t\tDentin wetness, permeability and thickness and bond strength of adhesive systemsAmerican Journal of Dentistry5(\n\t\t\t\t\t1)\n\t\t\t\t\t33\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t38."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b36","series-title":"Journal of Dentistry","first-page":"49","article-title":"Permeability and microleakage of Class II resin composite restorations","volume":"22","year":"1994","unstructured":"Prati\n C,\n \n \n Tao\n L,\n \n \n Simpson\n M,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPashleyDH(\n\t\t\t\t\t1994)\n\t\t\t\t\tPermeability and microleakage of Class II resin composite restorationsJournal of Dentistry22(\n\t\t\t\t\t1)\n\t\t\t\t\t49\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t56."},{"issue":"12","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b37","series-title":"Journal of Dental Research","first-page":"1758","article-title":"Testing sealing properties of restorative materials against moist dentin","volume":"66","year":"1987","unstructured":"Terkla\n LG,\n \n \n Brown\n AC,\n \n \n Hainisch\n AP,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tMitchemJC(\n\t\t\t\t\t1987)\n\t\t\t\t\tTesting sealing properties of restorative materials against moist dentinJournal of Dental Research66(\n\t\t\t\t\t12)\n\t\t\t\t\t1758\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t1764."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b38","series-title":"Journal of Endodontics","first-page":"191","article-title":"Dentinal fluid dynamics in human teeth, in vivo","volume":"21","year":"1995","unstructured":"Ciucchi\n B,\n \n \n Bouillaguet\n S,\n \n \n Holz\n J,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPashleyD(\n\t\t\t\t\t1995)\n\t\t\t\t\tDentinal fluid dynamics in human teeth, in vivoJournal of Endodontics21(\n\t\t\t\t\t4)\n\t\t\t\t\t191\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t194."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b39","series-title":"Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials","first-page":"699","article-title":"Permeability of adhesive resin films","volume":"74","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hashimoto\n M,\n \n \n Tay\n FR,\n \n \n Ito\n S,\n \n \n Sano\n H,\n \n \n Kaga\n M,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPashleyDH(\n\t\t\t\t\t2005)\n\t\t\t\t\tPermeability of adhesive resin filmsJournal of Biomedical Materials Research Part B: Applied Biomaterials74(\n\t\t\t\t\t2)\n\t\t\t\t\t699\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t705,\n\t\t\t\t\t10.1002\/jbm.b.30301"},{"issue":"1","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b40","series-title":"Journal of Adhesive Dentistry","first-page":"7","article-title":"Hybridization effectiveness of a two-step versus a three-step smear layer removing adhesive system examined correlatively by TEM and AFM","volume":"1","year":"1999","unstructured":"Van Meerbeek\n B,\n \n \n Yoshida\n Y,\n \n \n Snauwaert\n J,\n \n \n Hellemans\n L,\n \n \n Lambrechts\n P,\n \n \n Vanherle\n G,\n \n \n Wakasa\n K,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPashleyDH(\n\t\t\t\t\t1999)\n\t\t\t\t\tHybridization effectiveness of a two-step versus a three-step smear layer removing adhesive system examined correlatively by TEM and AFMJournal of Adhesive Dentistry1(\n\t\t\t\t\t1)\n\t\t\t\t\t7\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t23."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b41","series-title":"Journal of Dentistry","first-page":"595","article-title":"Influence of a hydrophobic resin coating on the bonding efficacy of three universal adhesives","volume":"42","year":"2014","unstructured":"Munoz\n MA,\n \n \n Sezinando\n A,\n \n \n Luque-Martinez\n I,\n \n \n Szesz\n AL,\n \n \n Reis\n A,\n \n \n Loguercio\n AD,\n \n \n Bombarda\n NH,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPerdigaoJ(\n\t\t\t\t\t2014)\n\t\t\t\t\tInfluence of a hydrophobic resin coating on the bonding efficacy of three universal adhesivesJournal of Dentistry42(\n\t\t\t\t\t5)\n\t\t\t\t\t595\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t602,\n\t\t\t\t\t10.1016\/j. jdent.2014.01.013"},{"issue":"5","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b42","series-title":"Dental Materials","first-page":"479","article-title":"Effect of dentin perfusion on the sealing ability and microtensile bond strengths of a total-etch versus an all-in-one adhesive","volume":"20","year":"2004","unstructured":"Ozok\n AR,\n \n \n Wu\n MK,\n \n \n De Gee\n AJ,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tWesselinkPR(\n\t\t\t\t\t2004)\n\t\t\t\t\tEffect of dentin perfusion on the sealing ability and microtensile bond strengths of a total-etch versus an all-in-one adhesiveDental Materials20(\n\t\t\t\t\t5)\n\t\t\t\t\t479\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t486,\n\t\t\t\t\t10.1016\/j.dental.2003.07.004"},{"issue":"9","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b43","series-title":"Archives of Oral Biology","first-page":"807","article-title":"Regional resistances to fluid flow in human dentine in vitro","volume":"23","year":"1978","unstructured":"Pashley\n DH,\n \n \n Livingston\n MJ,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tGreenhillJD(\n\t\t\t\t\t1978)\n\t\t\t\t\tRegional resistances to fluid flow in human dentine in vitroArchives of Oral Biology23(\n\t\t\t\t\t9)\n\t\t\t\t\t807\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t810."},{"issue":"11","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b44","series-title":"Journal of Dental Research","first-page":"843","article-title":"Fluid movement across the resin-dentin interface during and after bonding","volume":"83","year":"2004","unstructured":"Hashimoto\n M,\n \n \n Ito\n S,\n \n \n Tay\n FR,\n \n \n Svizero\n NR,\n \n \n Sano\n H,\n \n \n Kaga\n M,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPashleyDH(\n\t\t\t\t\t2004)\n\t\t\t\t\tFluid movement across the resin-dentin interface during and after bondingJournal of Dental Research83(\n\t\t\t\t\t11)\n\t\t\t\t\t843\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t848."},{"issue":"11","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b45","series-title":"Journal of the Canadian Dental Association","first-page":"726","article-title":"Have dentin adhesives become too hydrophilic?","volume":"69","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tay\n FR\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tPashleyDH(\n\t\t\t\t\t2003)\n\t\t\t\t\tHave dentin adhesives become too hydrophilic?Journal of the Canadian Dental Association69(\n\t\t\t\t\t11)\n\t\t\t\t\t726\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t731."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b46","series-title":"European Journal of Oral Sciences","first-page":"525","article-title":"Degree of conversion and permeability of dental adhesives","volume":"113","year":"2005","unstructured":"Cadenaro\n M,\n \n \n Antoniolli\n F,\n \n \n Sauro\n S,\n \n \n Tay\n FR,\n \n \n Di Lenarda\n R,\n \n \n Prati\n C,\n \n \n Biasotto\n M,\n \n \n Contardo\n L,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tBreschiL(\n\t\t\t\t\t2005)\n\t\t\t\t\tDegree of conversion and permeability of dental adhesivesEuropean Journal of Oral Sciences113(\n\t\t\t\t\t6)\n\t\t\t\t\t525\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t530,\n\t\t\t\t\t10.1111\/j.1600-0722.2005. 00251.x"},{"issue":"5","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b47","series-title":"American Journal of Dentistry","first-page":"315","article-title":"Single-step, self-etch adhesives behave as permeable membranes after polymerization. Part II. Silver tracer penetration evidence","volume":"17","year":"2004","unstructured":"Tay\n FR,\n \n \n Pashley\n DH,\n \n \n Garcia-Godoy\n F,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tYiuCK(\n\t\t\t\t\t2004)\n\t\t\t\t\tSingle-step, self-etch adhesives behave as permeable membranes after polymerization. Part II. Silver tracer penetration evidenceAmerican Journal of Dentistry17(\n\t\t\t\t\t5)\n\t\t\t\t\t315\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t322."},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b48","series-title":"Journal of Dentistry","first-page":"107","article-title":"Comparison of the in vitro permeability of human dentine according to the dentinal region and the composition of the simulated dentinal fluid","volume":"30","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ozok\n AR,\n \n \n Wu\n MK,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tWesselinkPR(\n\t\t\t\t\t2002)\n\t\t\t\t\tComparison of the in vitro permeability of human dentine according to the dentinal region and the composition of the simulated dentinal fluidJournal of Dentistry30(\n\t\t\t\t\t2\u20133)\n\t\t\t\t\t107\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t111."},{"issue":"2\u20133","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b49","series-title":"Journal of Dentistry","first-page":"91","article-title":"The efficacy of dentine adhesive to sclerotic dentine","volume":"30","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kusunoki\n M,\n \n \n Itoh\n K,\n \n \n Hisamitsu\n H,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tWakumotoS(\n\t\t\t\t\t2002)\n\t\t\t\t\tThe efficacy of dentine adhesive to sclerotic dentineJournal of Dentistry30(\n\t\t\t\t\t2\u20133)\n\t\t\t\t\t91\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t97."},{"issue":"Supplement 1","key":"i1559-2863-46-3-293-b50","series-title":"Proceedings of the Finnish Dental Society","first-page":"149","article-title":"Effect of aging and caries on dentin permeability","volume":"88","year":"1992","unstructured":"Tagami\n J,\n \n \n Hosoda\n H,\n \n \n Burrow\n MF,\n &\n\t\t\t\t\t\tNakajimaM(\n\t\t\t\t\t1992)\n\t\t\t\t\tEffect of aging and caries on dentin permeabilityProceedings of the Finnish Dental Society88(\n\t\t\t\t\tSupplement 1)\n\t\t\t\t\t149\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t154."}],"container-title":["Operative Dentistry"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/operative-dentistry.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/odnt\/46\/3\/article-p293.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/operative-dentistry\/article-pdf\/46\/3\/293\/2933178\/i1559-2863-46-3-293.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/operative-dentistry.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/odnt\/46\/3\/article-p293.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/operative-dentistry.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/odnt\/46\/3\/article-p293.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,27]],"date-time":"2025-09-27T00:44:54Z","timestamp":1758933894000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/operative-dentistry.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/odnt\/46\/3\/article-p293.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"references-count":50,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2341\/19-276-l","relation":{},"ISSN":["1559-2863","0361-7734"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1559-2863","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0361-7734","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]}}}