{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T10:53:27Z","timestamp":1792839207657,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"American Dental Society of Anesthesiology (ADSA)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The study investigated patient discharge parameters and postdischarge adverse events after discharge among children who received oral conscious sedation for dental treatment. This prospective study involved 51 patients needing dental treatment under oral conscious sedation. Each patient received one of various regimens involving combinations of a narcotic (ie, morphine or meperidine), a sedative-hypnotic (ie, chloral hydrate), a benzodiazepine (ie, midazolam or diazepam), and\/or an antihistamine (ie, hydroxyzine HCl). Nitrous oxide and local anesthesia were used in conjunction with all regimens. After written informed consent was obtained, each guardian was contacted by phone with specific questions in regard to adverse events following the dental appointment. Out of 51 sedation visits, 46 were utilized for analysis including 23 boys and 23 girls ranging from 2 years 2 months to 10 years old (mean 5.8 years). 60.1% of patients slept in the car on the way home, while 21.4% of that group was difficult to awaken upon reaching home. At home, 76.1% of patients slept; furthermore, 85.7% of patients who napped following the dental visit slept longer than usual. After the appointment, 19.6% exhibited nausea, 10.1% vomited, and 7.0% experienced a fever. A return to normal behavior was reported as follows: 17.4% in &lt;2 hours, 39.1% in 2\u20136 hours, 28.3% in 6\u201310 hours, and 15.2% in &gt;10 hours. Postdischarge excessive somnolence, nausea, and emesis were frequent complications. The time to normality ranged until the following morning demonstrating the importance of careful postdischarge adult supervision.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2344\/0003-3006-62.3.91","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,23]],"date-time":"2015-09-23T17:56:40Z","timestamp":1443031000000},"page":"91-99","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Oral Sedation Postdischarge Adverse Events in Pediatric Dental Patients"],"prefix":"10.2344","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Annie","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Assistant Professor of Clinical Dentistry in Pediatric Dentistry, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Tanbonliong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Clinic Director of Pediatric Dentistry, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1191","reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"i0003-3006-62-3-91-b01","series-title":"Pediatr Dent","first-page":"194","article-title":"Guideline for monitoring and management of pediatric patients during and after sedation for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures","volume":"34","year":"2012\u20132013","unstructured":"American Academy of Pediatrics; American Academy of Pediatric Dentistry. Guideline for monitoring and management of pediatric patients during and after sedation for diagnostic and therapeutic procedures. Pediatr Dent. 2012\u20132013;34(6):194\u2013210."},{"key":"i0003-3006-62-3-91-b02","series-title":"Pediatrics","first-page":"633","article-title":"Adverse sedation events in pediatrics: analysis of medications used for sedation","volume":"106","author":"Cot\u00e9\n              CJ,","year":"2000","unstructured":"Cot\u00e9\n              CJ, \n            \n              Karl\n              HW, \n            \n              Notterman\n              DA, \n            \n              Weinberg\n              JA, \n            \n              McCloskey\n              C.\n            \n          \n          Adverse sedation events in pediatrics: analysis of medications used for sedation. Pediatrics. 2000;106:633\u2013644."},{"issue":"3","key":"i0003-3006-62-3-91-b03","series-title":"Pediatr Dent","first-page":"231","article-title":"Adverse events during pediatric dental anesthesia and sedation: a review of closed malpractice insurance claims","volume":"34","author":"Chicka, MC,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Chicka, MC, \n            \n              Dembo\n              JB, \n            \n              Mathu-Muju\n              KR, \n            \n              Nash\n              DA, \n            \n              Bush\n              H.\n            \n          \n          Adverse events during pediatric dental anesthesia and sedation: a review of closed malpractice insurance claims. Pediatr Dent. 2012;34(3):231\u2013238."},{"issue":"3","key":"i0003-3006-62-3-91-b04","series-title":"Pediatrics","first-page":"e42","article-title":"Prolonged recovery and delayed side effects of sedation for diagnostic imaging studies in children","volume":"105","author":"Malviya\n              S,","year":"2000","unstructured":"Malviya\n              S, \n            \n              Voepel-Lewis\n              T, \n            \n              Prochaska\n              G, \n            \n              Tait\n              AR.\n            \n          \n          Prolonged recovery and delayed side effects of sedation for diagnostic imaging studies in children. Pediatrics. 2000;105(3):e42."},{"key":"i0003-3006-62-3-91-b05","series-title":"Anesthesiology","first-page":"218","article-title":"Can we improve the assessment of discharge readiness? A comparative study of observational and objective measures of depth of sedation in children","volume":"100","author":"Malviya\n              S,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Malviya\n              S, \n            \n              Voepel-Lewis\n              T, \n            \n              Ludomirsky\n              A, \n            \n              Marshall\n              J, \n            \n              Tait\n              AR.\n            \n          \n          Can we improve the assessment of discharge readiness? A comparative study of observational and objective measures of depth of sedation in children. Anesthesiology. 2004;100:218\u2013224."},{"issue":"7","key":"i0003-3006-62-3-91-b06","series-title":"Pediatr Dent","first-page":"513","article-title":"Complications within the first 24 hours after dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia","volume":"31","author":"Mayeda\n              C,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mayeda\n              C, \n            \n              Wilson\n              S.\n            \n          \n          Complications within the first 24 hours after dental rehabilitation under general anesthesia. Pediatr Dent. 2009;31(7):513\u2013519."},{"issue":"3","key":"i0003-3006-62-3-91-b07","series-title":"Pediatr Dent","first-page":"260","article-title":"Children sedated for dental care: a pilot study of the 24-hour postsedation period","volume":"28","author":"Martinez\n              D,","year":"2006","unstructured":"Martinez\n              D, \n            \n              Wilson\n              S.\n            \n          \n          Children sedated for dental care: a pilot study of the 24-hour postsedation period. Pediatr Dent. 2006;28(3):260\u2013264."},{"issue":"5","key":"i0003-3006-62-3-91-b08","series-title":"J Pediatr","first-page":"807","article-title":"Post-discharge adverse events following pediatric sedation with high doses of oral medication","volume":"160","author":"Costa\n              LR,","year":"2012","unstructured":"Costa\n              LR, \n            \n              Costa\n              PS, \n            \n              Brasileiro\n              SV, \n            \n              Bendo\n              CB, \n            \n              Viegas\n              CM, \n            \n              Paiva\n              SM.\n            \n          \n          Post-discharge adverse events following pediatric sedation with high doses of oral medication. J Pediatr. 2012; 160(5):807\u2013813."},{"issue":"1","key":"i0003-3006-62-3-91-b09","series-title":"Ther Drug Monit","first-page":"1","article-title":"Clinical pharmacokinetics of morphine","volume":"13","author":"Glare\n              PA,","year":"1991","unstructured":"Glare\n              PA, \n            \n              Walsh\n              TD.\n            \n          \n          Clinical pharmacokinetics of morphine. Ther Drug Monit. 1991;13(1):1\u201323."},{"issue":"1","key":"i0003-3006-62-3-91-b10","series-title":"Pediatr Anesthesia","first-page":"5","article-title":"Recommended use of morphine in neonates, infants and children based on a literature review: Part 1\u2014Pharmacokinetics","volume":"7","author":"Kart\n              T,","year":"1997","unstructured":"Kart\n              T, \n            \n              Christrup\n              L, \n            \n              Rasmussen\n              M.\n            \n          \n          Recommended use of morphine in neonates, infants and children based on a literature review: Part 1\u2014Pharmacokinetics. Pediatr Anesthesia. 1997;7(1):5\u201311."},{"issue":"2","key":"i0003-3006-62-3-91-b11","series-title":"Develop Pharmacol Ther","first-page":"71","article-title":"Chloral hydrate disposition following single-dose administration to critically ill neonates and children","volume":"16","author":"Mayers\n              DJ,","year":"1991","unstructured":"Mayers\n              DJ, \n            \n              Hindmarsh\n              KW, \n            \n              Sankaran\n              K, \n            \n              Gorecki\n              DK, \n            \n              Kasian\n              GF.\n            \n          \n          Chloral hydrate disposition following single-dose administration to critically ill neonates and children. Develop Pharmacol Ther. 1991;16(2):71\u201377."},{"key":"i0003-3006-62-3-91-b12","series-title":"Saudi J Anaesthesia","first-page":"395","article-title":"Procedural sedation: a review of sedative agents, monitoring, and management of complication","volume":"5","author":"Tobias\n              JD,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Tobias\n              JD, \n            \n              Leder\n              M.\n            \n          \n          Procedural sedation: a review of sedative agents, monitoring, and management of complication. Saudi J Anaesthesia. 2011;5:395\u2013410."},{"issue":"3","key":"i0003-3006-62-3-91-b13","series-title":"Pediatr Dent","first-page":"307","article-title":"Conscious sedation experiences in graduate pediatric dentistry programs","volume":"23","author":"Wilson\n              S,","year":"2001","unstructured":"Wilson\n              S, \n            \n              Farrell\n              K, \n            \n              Griffen\n              A, \n            \n              Coury\n              D.\n            \n          \n          Conscious sedation experiences in graduate pediatric dentistry programs. Pediatr Dent. 2001;23(3):307\u2013314."},{"issue":"1","key":"i0003-3006-62-3-91-b14","series-title":"Pediatr Dent","first-page":"10","article-title":"Conscious sedation of pediatric dental patients: an investigation of chloral hydrate, hydroxyzine pamoate, and meperidine vs. chloral hydrate and hydroxyzine","volume":"13","author":"Hasty\n              MF,","year":"1991","unstructured":"Hasty\n              MF, \n            \n              Vann\n              WF, \n            \n              Dilley\n              DC, \n            \n              Anderson\n              JA.\n            \n          \n          Conscious sedation of pediatric dental patients: an investigation of chloral hydrate, hydroxyzine pamoate, and meperidine vs. chloral hydrate and hydroxyzine. Pediatr Dent. 1991;13(1):10\u201319."}],"container-title":["Anesthesia Progress"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/anesthesiaprogress.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/anpr\/62\/3\/article-p91.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/meridian.allenpress.com\/anesthesia-progress\/article-pdf\/62\/3\/91\/2102100\/0003-3006-62_3_91.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/anesthesiaprogress.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/anpr\/62\/3\/article-p91.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/anesthesiaprogress.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/anpr\/62\/3\/article-p91.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,7]],"date-time":"2024-10-07T08:34:14Z","timestamp":1728290054000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/anesthesiaprogress.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/anpr\/62\/3\/article-p91.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2344\/0003-3006-62.3.91","relation":{},"ISSN":["0003-3006","1878-7177"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0003-3006","type":"print"},{"value":"1878-7177","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015]]}}}