{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,17]],"date-time":"2026-06-17T21:01:19Z","timestamp":1781730079213,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"American Dental Society of Anesthesiology (ADSA)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>This study aimed to establish which anesthetic agents are associated with minimized adverse outcomes during laryngeal mask airway (LMA) insertion.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>Databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with American Society of Anesthesiologists I or II adult patients (\u226515 years of age) receiving general anesthesia (GA) with an LMA. Propofol only was the comparator to other anesthetics used during LMA insertion. The primary outcome was prolonged apnea, and secondary outcomes were adverse airway events, LMA insertion failure, inadequate depth of anesthesia, and hemodynamic events. A network meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the treatment effects (odds ratios, 95% credible intervals, and surface under the cumulative ranking curve [SUCRA]).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>A total of 28 anesthetic combinations used on 4695 patients for GA induction and LMA insertion were examined across 53 RCTs. Overall, there was an apnea incidence rate of 33.3% (849 of 2548) with a mean time of 3.74 \u00b1 3.56 minutes (n = 3091). Propofol + dexmedetomidine had the highest overall summed score of SUCRA ranks in reducing adverse outcomes (apnea incidence: SUCRA = 37%, apnea time: SUCRA = 66%, airway adverse event: SUCRA = 67%, insertion failure: SUCRA = 73%, inadequate depth of anesthesia: SUCRA = 84%). In comparison among all propofol combinations, propofol alone ranked lowest for overall summed score of SUCRA in reducing adverse outcomes (apnea incidence: SUCRA = 47%, apnea time: SUCRA = 71%, airway adverse event: SUCRA = 9%, insertion failure: SUCRA = 20%, inadequate depth of anesthesia: SUCRA = 9%).<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>\n<jats:sec>\n<jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n<jats:p>All anesthetic combinations, other than those with thiopental, reduced adverse outcomes as compared with propofol alone. The combination of propofol and dexmedetomidine infused over 10 minutes ranked as the most effective for reducing adverse outcomes during LMA insertion.<\/jats:p>\n<\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.2344\/22-00033","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,15]],"date-time":"2024-08-15T14:45:46Z","timestamp":1723733146000},"page":"58-75","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Comparison of Anesthetics for Laryngeal Mask Airway Insertion: A Network Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.2344","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Cameron","family":"Goertzen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Erin","family":"Goertzen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maryam","family":"Zanjir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Dare","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Azarpazhooh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology & Health Care Research, Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Dentistry, Mount Sinai Hospital Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle","family":"Wong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Dental and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sunnybrook Sciences Health Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1191","reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b01","series-title":"J Cardiovasc Thorac Res","first-page":"17","article-title":"Assessment of mini-dose succinylcholine effect on facilitating laryngeal mask airway insertion","volume":"5","author":"Aghamohammadi D,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Aghamohammadi D,Eydi M,Hosseinzadeh H,Amiri Rahimi M,Golzari SE. Assessment of mini-dose succinylcholine effect on facilitating laryngeal mask airway insertion. J Cardiovasc Thorac Res. 2013;5(1):17\u201321."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b02","series-title":"Paediatr Anaesth","first-page":"47","article-title":"Dose of propofol required to insert the laryngeal mask airway in children","volume":"5","author":"Allsop E,","year":"1995","unstructured":"Allsop E,Innes P,Jackson M,Cunliffe M. Dose of propofol required to insert the laryngeal mask airway in children. Paediatr Anaesth. 1995;5(1):47\u201351."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b03","series-title":"Anaesth Intensive Care","first-page":"223","article-title":"Randomized double-blind comparison of ketamine-propofol, fentanyl-propofol and propofol-saline on haemodynamics and laryngeal mask airway insertion conditions","volume":"33","author":"Goh PK,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Goh PK,Chiu CL,Wang CY,Chan YK,Loo PL. Randomized double-blind comparison of ketamine-propofol, fentanyl-propofol and propofol-saline on haemodynamics and laryngeal mask airway insertion conditions. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2005;33(2):223\u2013228."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b04","series-title":"Anesth Analg","first-page":"359","article-title":"The use of remifentanil to facilitate the insertion of the laryngeal mask airway","volume":"93","author":"Lee MP,","year":"2001","unstructured":"Lee MP,Kua JS,Chiu WK. The use of remifentanil to facilitate the insertion of the laryngeal mask airway. Anesth Analg. 2001;93(2):359\u2013362."},{"issue":"12","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b05","series-title":"Ann Palliat Med","first-page":"12358","article-title":"The anesthesia induction effect of dexmedetomidine in patients undergoing laryngeal mask intubation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 7 RCTs","volume":"10","author":"Ju Q,","year":"2021","unstructured":"Ju Q,Xiao Z,Sun W,Zhu M,Lv P. The anesthesia induction effect of dexmedetomidine in patients undergoing laryngeal mask intubation: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 7 RCTs. Ann Palliat Med. 2021;10(12):12358\u201312366."},{"issue":"11","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b06","series-title":"Ann Intern Med","first-page":"777","article-title":"The PRISMA extension statement for reporting of systematic reviews incorporating network meta-analyses of health care interventions: checklist and explanations","volume":"162","author":"Hutton B,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hutton B,Salanti G,Caldwell DM, et al. The PRISMA extension statement for reporting of systematic reviews incorporating network meta-analyses of health care interventions: checklist and explanations. Ann Intern Med. 2015;162(11):777\u2013784."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b07","series-title":"BMJ Open","first-page":"e013402","article-title":"Patient safety during procedural sedation using capnography monitoring: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"7","author":"Saunders R,","year":"2017","unstructured":"Saunders R,Struys MMRF,Pollock RF,Mestek M,Lightdale JR. Patient safety during procedural sedation using capnography monitoring: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Open. 2017;7(6):e013402."},{"issue":"11","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b08","series-title":"Curr Med Res Opin","first-page":"2023","article-title":"Etomidate versus propofol sedation for electrical external cardioversion: a meta-analysis","volume":"34","author":"Choi GJ,","year":"2018","unstructured":"Choi GJ,Kang H,Baek CW,Jung YH,Ko JS. Etomidate versus propofol sedation for electrical external cardioversion: a meta-analysis. Curr Med Res Opin. 2018;34(11):2023\u20132029."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b09","series-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev","first-page":"CD006837","article-title":"High initial concentration versus low initial concentration sevoflurane for inhalational induction of anaesthesia","author":"Boonmak P,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Boonmak P,Boonmak S,Pattanittum P. High initial concentration versus low initial concentration sevoflurane for inhalational induction of anaesthesia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;(6):CD006837."},{"issue":"8","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b10","series-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev","first-page":"CD007095","article-title":"Xylitol for preventing acute otitis media in children up to 12 years of age","author":"Azarpazhooh A,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Azarpazhooh A,Lawrence HP,Shah PS. Xylitol for preventing acute otitis media in children up to 12 years of age. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2016;(8):CD007095."},{"issue":"8","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b11","series-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev","first-page":"CD007082","article-title":"Early versus late removal of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) for general anaesthesia","author":"Mathew PJ,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Mathew PJ,Mathew JL. Early versus late removal of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) for general anaesthesia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2015;(8):CD007082."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b12","series-title":"Anaesthesia","first-page":"30","article-title":"Intubating conditions with AH 8165 and suxamethonium","volume":"30","author":"Young HSA,","year":"1975","unstructured":"Young HSA,Clarke RSJ,Dundee JW. Intubating conditions with AH 8165 and suxamethonium. Anaesthesia. 1975;30(1):30\u201333."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b13","series-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol","first-page":"120","article-title":"Intraoperative management of critical arrhythmia","volume":"70","author":"Kwon CH,","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kwon CH,Kim S-H. Intraoperative management of critical arrhythmia. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2017;70(2):120\u2013126."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b14","series-title":"Br J Anaesth","first-page":"57","article-title":"Post-induction hypotension and early intraoperative hypotension associated with general anaesthesia","volume":"119","author":"S\u00fcdfeld S,","year":"2017","unstructured":"S\u00fcdfeld S,Brechnitz S,Wagner JY, et al. Post-induction hypotension and early intraoperative hypotension associated with general anaesthesia. Br J Anaesth. 2017;119(1):57\u201364."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b15","series-title":"Anesthesiology","first-page":"213","article-title":"Incidence of intraoperative hypotension as a function of the chosen definition: literature definitions applied to a retrospective cohort using automated data collection","volume":"107","author":"Bijker Jilles B,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Bijker Jilles B,van Klei Wilton A,Kappen Teus H,van Wolfswinkel L,Moons Karel GM,Kalkman Cor J. Incidence of intraoperative hypotension as a function of the chosen definition: literature definitions applied to a retrospective cohort using automated data collection. Anesthesiology. 2007;107(2):213\u2013220."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b16","series-title":"Vasc Health Risk Manag","first-page":"615","article-title":"Perioperative hypertension management","volume":"4","author":"Varon J,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Varon J,Marik PE. Perioperative hypertension management. Vasc Health Risk Manag. 2008;4(3):615\u2013627."},{"issue":"8","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b17","series-title":"Br J Anaesth","first-page":"801","article-title":"The laryngeal mask\u2014a new concept in airway management","volume":"55","author":"Brain AI.","year":"1983","unstructured":"Brain AI. The laryngeal mask\u2014a new concept in airway management. Br J Anaesth. 1983;55(8):801\u2013805."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b18","series-title":"J Med Libr Assoc","first-page":"285","article-title":"Updating search strategies for systematic reviews using EndNote","volume":"105","author":"Bramer W,","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bramer W,Bain P. Updating search strategies for systematic reviews using EndNote. J Med Libr Assoc. 2017;105(3):285\u2013289."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b19","series-title":"J Med Libr Assoc","first-page":"240","article-title":"De-duplication of database search results for systematic reviews in EndNote","volume":"104","author":"Bramer WM,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bramer WM,Giustini D,de Jonge GB,Holland L,Bekhuis T. De-duplication of database search results for systematic reviews in EndNote. J Med Libr Assoc. 2016;104(3):240\u2013243."},{"key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b20","series-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions","first-page":"187","article-title":"Assessing risk of bias in included studies","author":"Higgins JP,","year":"2008","unstructured":"Higgins JP,Altman DG. Assessing risk of bias in included studies. In: Higgins JP,Green S, ed. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Cochrane; 2008:187\u2013241."},{"key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b21","series-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions","year":"2019","unstructured":"Higgins JP,Thomas J, eds. Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions. Version 6.0. Cochrane; 2019."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b22","series-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol","first-page":"13","article-title":"Estimating the mean and variance from the median, range, and the size of a sample","volume":"5","author":"Hozo SP,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Hozo SP,Djulbegovic B,Hozo I. Estimating the mean and variance from the median, range, and the size of a sample. BMC Med Res Methodol. 2005;5(1):13."},{"issue":"8","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b23","series-title":"J Clin Epidemiol","first-page":"849","article-title":"Effect sizes can be calculated for studies reporting ranges for outcome variables in systematic reviews","volume":"60","author":"Walter SD,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Walter SD,Yao X. Effect sizes can be calculated for studies reporting ranges for outcome variables in systematic reviews. J Clin Epidemiol. 2007;60(8):849\u2013852."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b24","series-title":"Med Decis Making","first-page":"607","article-title":"Evidence synthesis for decision making 2: a generalized linear modeling framework for pairwise and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","volume":"33","author":"Dias S,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Dias S,Sutton AJ,Ades AE,Welton NJ. Evidence synthesis for decision making 2: a generalized linear modeling framework for pairwise and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Med Decis Making. 2013;33(5):607\u2013617."},{"issue":"20","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b25","series-title":"Stat Med","first-page":"3105","article-title":"Combination of direct and indirect evidence in mixed treatment comparisons","volume":"23","author":"Lu G,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lu G,Ades AE. Combination of direct and indirect evidence in mixed treatment comparisons. Stat Med. 2004;23(20):3105\u20133124."},{"issue":"7","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b26","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e99682","article-title":"Evaluating the quality of evidence from a network meta-analysis","volume":"9","author":"Salanti G,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Salanti G,Del Giovane C,Chaimani A,Caldwell DM,Higgins JPT. Evaluating the quality of evidence from a network meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2014;9(7):e99682."},{"issue":"5","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b27","series-title":"Br J Anaesth","first-page":"650","article-title":"The LMA \u201cProSeal\u201d\u2014a laryngeal mask with an oesophageal vent","volume":"84","author":"Brain AI,","year":"2000","unstructured":"Brain AI,Verghese C,Strube PJ. The LMA \u201cProSeal\u201d\u2014a laryngeal mask with an oesophageal vent. Br J Anaesth. 2000;84(5):650\u2013654."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b28","series-title":"Med Gas Res","first-page":"150","article-title":"Frequency of anesthetic overdose with mean alveolar concentration-guided anesthesia at high altitude","volume":"8","author":"Giraldo JC,","year":"2019","unstructured":"Giraldo JC,Acosta C,Giraldo-Grueso M. Frequency of anesthetic overdose with mean alveolar concentration-guided anesthesia at high altitude. Med Gas Res. 2019;8(4):150\u2013153."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b29","series-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev","article-title":"Bispectral index for improving anaesthetic delivery and postoperative recovery","volume":"2014","author":"Punjasawadwong Y,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Punjasawadwong Y,Phongchiewboon A,Bunchungmongkol N. Bispectral index for improving anaesthetic delivery and postoperative recovery. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2014;2014(6):CD003843-CD."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b30","series-title":"Anesth Analg","first-page":"4","article-title":"Anesthetic management and one-year mortality after noncardiac surgery","volume":"100","author":"Monk TG,","year":"2005","unstructured":"Monk TG,Saini V,Weldon BC,Sigl JC. Anesthetic management and one-year mortality after noncardiac surgery. Anesth Analg. 2005;100(1):4\u201310."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b31","series-title":"Anesthesiology","first-page":"382","article-title":"The effects of increasing plasma concentrations of dexmedetomidine in humans","volume":"93","author":"Ebert TJ,","year":"2000","unstructured":"Ebert TJ,Hall JE,Barney JA,Uhrich TD,Colinco MD. The effects of increasing plasma concentrations of dexmedetomidine in humans. Anesthesiology. 2000;93(2):382\u2013394."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b32","series-title":"J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol","first-page":"54","article-title":"Dexmedetomidine provides optimum conditions during awake fiberoptic intubation in simulated cervical spine injury patients","volume":"32","author":"Chopra P,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Chopra P,Dixit MB,Dang A,Gupta V. Dexmedetomidine provides optimum conditions during awake fiberoptic intubation in simulated cervical spine injury patients. J Anaesthesiol Clin Pharmacol. 2016;32(1):54\u201358."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b33","series-title":"Am J Ther","first-page":"586","article-title":"A phase IIIb, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study evaluating the safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine for sedation during awake fiberoptic intubation","volume":"17","author":"Bergese SD,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Bergese SD,Candiotti KA,Bokesch PM, et al. A phase IIIb, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study evaluating the safety and efficacy of dexmedetomidine for sedation during awake fiberoptic intubation. Am J Ther. 2010;17(6):586\u2013595."},{"issue":"4","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b34","series-title":"Anesth Prog","first-page":"185","article-title":"Correlation between body movements and salivary secretion during sedation","volume":"63","author":"Sasaki Y,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sasaki Y,Kato S,Miura M,Fukayama H. Correlation between body movements and salivary secretion during sedation. Anesth Prog. 2016;63(4):185\u2013191."},{"key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b35","series-title":"Dexmedetomidine for sedation in the ICU or PICU: a review of cost-effectiveness and guidelines","author":"Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health","year":"2014","unstructured":"Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health. Dexmedetomidine for sedation in the ICU or PICU: a review of cost-effectiveness and guidelines. Publisher; 2014."},{"key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b36","series-title":"Clinicoecon Outcomes Res","first-page":"389","article-title":"Cost-minimization analysis of dexmedetomidine compared to other sedatives for short-term sedation during mechanical ventilation in the United States","volume":"12","author":"Aggarwal J,","year":"2020","unstructured":"Aggarwal J,Lustrino J,Stephens J,Morgenstern D,Tang WY. Cost-minimization analysis of dexmedetomidine compared to other sedatives for short-term sedation during mechanical ventilation in the United States. Clinicoecon Outcomes Res. 2020;12:389\u2013397."},{"key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b37","article-title":"Precedex","author":"Product monograph","year":"2009","unstructured":"Product monograph\u2014Precedex. Pfizer Canada Inc. December 9, 2009. Updated March 30, 2023. https:\/\/www.pfizer.ca\/files\/Precedex_PM_EN.pdf"},{"issue":"2","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b38","series-title":"Br J Anaesth","first-page":"266","article-title":"National census of airway management techniques used for anaesthesia in the UK: first phase of the Fourth National Audit Project at the Royal College of Anaesthetists","volume":"106","author":"Woodall NM,","year":"2011","unstructured":"Woodall NM,Cook TM. National census of airway management techniques used for anaesthesia in the UK: first phase of the Fourth National Audit Project at the Royal College of Anaesthetists. Br J Anaesth. 2011;106(2):266\u2013271."},{"key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b39","series-title":"Indian J Anaesth","first-page":"190","article-title":"Survey of supraglottic airway devices usage in anaesthetic practice in South Indian State","volume":"59","author":"Kadar S,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Kadar S,Koshy R. Survey of supraglottic airway devices usage in anaesthetic practice in South Indian State. Indian J Anaesth. 2015;59:190."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b40","series-title":"Pediatr Dent","first-page":"52","article-title":"Comparison of intubated versus nonintubated airway management in children under general anesthesia provided by dentist anesthesiologists","volume":"41","author":"Clark HM,","year":"2019","unstructured":"Clark HM,Saxen MA,Yepes JF, et al. Comparison of intubated versus nonintubated airway management in children under general anesthesia provided by dentist anesthesiologists. Pediatr Dent. 2019;41(1):52\u201355."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b41","series-title":"PLoS One","first-page":"e0119469","article-title":"Comparison of the i-gel and the laryngeal mask airway proseal during general anesthesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"10","author":"Park SK,","year":"2015","unstructured":"Park SK,Choi GJ,Choi YS,Ahn EJ,Kang H. Comparison of the i-gel and the laryngeal mask airway proseal during general anesthesia: a systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2015;10(3):e0119469."},{"issue":"10","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b42","series-title":"Anaesthesia","first-page":"1151","article-title":"A systematic review and meta-analysis of the i-gel\u00ae vs laryngeal mask airway in adults","volume":"69","author":"de Montblanc J,","year":"2014","unstructured":"de Montblanc J,Ruscio L,Mazoit JX,Benhamou D. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the i-gel\u00ae vs laryngeal mask airway in adults. Anaesthesia. 2014;69(10):1151\u20131162."},{"key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b43","series-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand Suppl","first-page":"238","article-title":"Dose-response curves for tubocurarine, alcuronium and pancuronium","volume":"37","author":"Lund I,","year":"1969","unstructured":"Lund I,Stovner J. Dose-response curves for tubocurarine, alcuronium and pancuronium. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand Suppl. 1969;37:238\u2013242."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b44","series-title":"Anesthesiology","first-page":"536","article-title":"Induction of anesthesia and tracheal intubation with sevoflurane in adults","volume":"85","author":"Muzi M,","year":"1996","unstructured":"Muzi M,Robinson BJ,Ebert TJ,O\u2019Brien TJ. Induction of anesthesia and tracheal intubation with sevoflurane in adults. Anesthesiology. 1996;85(3):536\u2013543."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b45","series-title":"Anesth Analg","first-page":"213","article-title":"Sevoflurane versus propofol for anesthetic induction: a meta-analysis","volume":"91","author":"Joo HS,","year":"2000","unstructured":"Joo HS,Perks WJ. Sevoflurane versus propofol for anesthetic induction: a meta-analysis. Anesth Analg. 2000;91(1):213\u2013219."},{"issue":"6","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b46","series-title":"Anesthesiology","first-page":"1283","article-title":"Interactions between midazolam and remifentanil during monitored anesthesia care","volume":"85","author":"Avramov MN,","year":"1996","unstructured":"Avramov MN,Smith I,White PF. Interactions between midazolam and remifentanil during monitored anesthesia care. Anesthesiology. 1996;85(6):1283\u20131289."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b47","series-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Scand","first-page":"335","article-title":"Effects of prophylactic atropine on the time to tracheal intubation with the pre-administration of remifentanil","volume":"65","author":"Shim JG,","year":"2021","unstructured":"Shim JG,Cho EA,Ryu KH, et al. Effects of prophylactic atropine on the time to tracheal intubation with the pre-administration of remifentanil. Acta Anaesthesiol Scand. 2021;65(3):335\u2013342."},{"issue":"32","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b48","series-title":"Medicine","first-page":"e11834-e","article-title":"Does glycopyrrolate premedication facilitate tracheal intubation with a rigid video-stylet? a randomized controlled trial","volume":"97","author":"Cho E-A,","year":"2018","unstructured":"Cho E-A,Hwang S-H,Lee SH,Ryu K-H,Kim Y-H. Does glycopyrrolate premedication facilitate tracheal intubation with a rigid video-stylet? a randomized controlled trial. Medicine. 2018;97(32):e11834-e."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b49","series-title":"Acta Anaesthesiol Taiwan","first-page":"134","article-title":"Anesthetic premedication: new horizons of an old practice","volume":"52","author":"Sheen MJ,","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sheen MJ,Chang F-L,Ho S-T. Anesthetic premedication: new horizons of an old practice. Acta Anaesthesiol Taiwan. 2014;52(3):134\u2013142."},{"issue":"2","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b50","series-title":"Contin Educ Anaesth Crit Care Pain","first-page":"47","article-title":"Laryngospasm in anaesthesia","volume":"14","author":"Gavel G,","year":"2013","unstructured":"Gavel G,Walker RW. Laryngospasm in anaesthesia. Contin Educ Anaesth Crit Care Pain. 2013;14(2):47\u201351."},{"issue":"1","key":"i1878-7177-71-2-58-b51","series-title":"Syst Rev","first-page":"79","article-title":"Approaches to interpreting and choosing the best treatments in network meta-analyses","volume":"6","author":"Mbuagbaw L,","year":"2017","unstructured":"Mbuagbaw L,Rochwerg B,Jaeschke R, et al. Approaches to interpreting and choosing the best treatments in network meta-analyses. Syst Rev. 2017;6(1):79."}],"container-title":["Anesthesia Progress"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/anesthesiaprogress.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/anpr\/71\/2\/article-p58.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/anesthesiaprogress.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/anpr\/71\/2\/article-p58.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/anesthesiaprogress.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/anpr\/71\/2\/article-p58.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,9]],"date-time":"2025-05-09T00:02:03Z","timestamp":1746748923000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/anesthesiaprogress.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/anpr\/71\/2\/article-p58.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2344\/22-00033","relation":{},"ISSN":["1878-7177","0003-3006"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1878-7177","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0003-3006","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,7]]}}}