{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T11:12:28Z","timestamp":1790248348521,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"American Dental Society of Anesthesiology (ADSA)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Remimazolam is an ultrashort-acting benzodiazepine approved for procedural sedation in 2020 by the US Food and Drug Administration; however, dosing information originating from the US is limited. No existing literature details infusion rates of remimazolam delivered by manually adjusted infusion pumps. This case report describes the administration of manually infused remimazolam to an 86-year-old man for the surgical extraction of third molars under procedural sedation. Following an initial dose of 4 mg delivered over 1 minute, the remimazolam infusion was titrated according to the patient\u2019s response from a starting rate of 15 mg\/h to achieve deep sedation\/general anesthesia. The maximum infusion rate was 30 mg\/h, and a total dose of 14.1 mg of remimazolam was administered over 28 minutes. The surgery was successfully completed, the patient was satisfied with the anesthetic postoperatively, and he recovered and was discharged home without incident. Further studies are needed to fully characterize remimazolam infusions for a variety of patients using manually adjusted infusion pumps for use in the US.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2344\/24-0017","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,9]],"date-time":"2025-09-09T00:45:29Z","timestamp":1757378729000},"page":"159-166","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Single-Agent Total Intravenous Anesthesia With Remimazolam for an Elderly Man Undergoing Ambulatory Oral Surgery: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.2344","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Alexander J.","family":"DeBernardo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Anesthesiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huda A.","family":"Aziz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Anesthesiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kira","family":"Douglas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Anesthesiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Cuddy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Anesthesiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Sosovicka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Anesthesiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Saxen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Anesthesiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joseph A.","family":"Giovannitti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Anesthesiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Craig","family":"McKenzie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Anesthesiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Herlich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Anesthesiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1191","reference":[{"key":"i1878-7177-72-3-159-b01","series-title":"PAGD News Center","first-page":"14","article-title":"Criteria for selecting an anesthesia provider for the office based setting","author":"Chock-Wong T","year":"2023","unstructured":"Chock-Wong T,\nKhetan A,\nCooke M. Criteria for selecting an anesthesia provider for the office based setting. PAGD News Center. 2023;14."},{"key":"i1878-7177-72-3-159-b02","series-title":"StatPearls","article-title":"Midazolam","author":"Lingamchetty TN","year":"2023","unstructured":"Lingamchetty TN,\nHosseini SA,\nSaadabadi A. Midazolam. In: StatPearls. StatPearls Publishing; 2023. Accessed Jully 10, 2023. https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/30726006\/."},{"key":"i1878-7177-72-3-159-b03","series-title":"Package insert","author":"Byfavo.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Byfavo. Package insert. Acacia Pharma Inc; 2021."},{"key":"i1878-7177-72-3-159-b04","series-title":"APSF Newsl","first-page":"80","article-title":"Remimazolam: patient safety considerations of a novel, practice-changing drug in perioperative medicine","volume":"38","author":"Abcejo AS","year":"2023","unstructured":"Abcejo AS,\nTeixeira MT. Remimazolam: patient safety considerations of a novel, practice-changing drug in perioperative medicine. APSF Newsl. 2023;38:80\u201383."},{"key":"i1878-7177-72-3-159-b05","series-title":"Dig Endosc","article-title":"Efficiency and safety of remimazolam and midazolam in digestive endoscopic sedation: systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Dou D","year":"2021","unstructured":"Dou D,\nFeng Y,\nJiang L. Efficiency and safety of remimazolam and midazolam in digestive endoscopic sedation: systematic review and meta-analysis. Dig Endosc. 2021;10.1111\/den.14219"},{"key":"i1878-7177-72-3-159-b06","series-title":"J Anesth","first-page":"543","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of remimazolam versus propofol for general anesthesia: a multicenter, single-blind, randomized, parallel group, phase IIb\/III trial","volume":"34","author":"Doi M","year":"2020","unstructured":"Doi M,\nMorita K,\nTakeda J,\nSakaoto A,\nYamakage M,\nSuzuki T. Efficacy and safety of remimazolam versus propofol for general anesthesia: a multicenter, single-blind, randomized, parallel group, phase IIb\/III trial. J Anesth; 2020;34:543\u2013553."},{"key":"i1878-7177-72-3-159-b07","series-title":"Front Med","first-page":"1","article-title":"Efficacy and safety of remimazolam for procedural sedation: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with trial sequential analysis","volume":"8","author":"Jhuang B","year":"2021","unstructured":"Jhuang B,\nYeh B,\nHuang YT,\nLai PC. Efficacy and safety of remimazolam for procedural sedation: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with trial sequential analysis. Front Med. 2021;8:1\u201311."},{"key":"i1878-7177-72-3-159-b08","series-title":"Anesth Analg","first-page":"1093","article-title":"A phase Ib, dose-finding study of multiple doses of remimazolam (CNS 7056) in volunteers undergoing colonoscopy","volume":"117","author":"Worthington M","year":"2013","unstructured":"Worthington M,\nAntonik L,\nGoldwater DR, et al. A phase Ib, dose-finding study of multiple doses of remimazolam (CNS 7056) in volunteers undergoing colonoscopy. Anesth Analg. 2013;117:1093\u20131100."},{"key":"i1878-7177-72-3-159-b09","series-title":"Anesth Pain Med","first-page":"1","article-title":"Remimazolam: pharmacological characteristics and clinical applications in anesthesiology","volume":"17","author":"Kim K.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Kim K. Remimazolam: pharmacological characteristics and clinical applications in anesthesiology. Anesth Pain Med. 2021;17:1\u201311."},{"key":"i1878-7177-72-3-159-b10","series-title":"Front Pharmacol","first-page":"1","article-title":"Remimazolam: non-clinical and clinical profile of a new sedative\/anesthetic agent","volume":"17","author":"Kilpatrick G.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Kilpatrick G. Remimazolam: non-clinical and clinical profile of a new sedative\/anesthetic agent. Front Pharmacol. 2022;17:1\u201311."},{"key":"i1878-7177-72-3-159-b11","series-title":"JA Clin Rep","first-page":"51","article-title":"General anesthesia with remimazolam in a patient with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy: a case report","volume":"7","author":"Suzuki Y","year":"2021","unstructured":"Suzuki Y,\nDoi M,\nNakajima Y. General anesthesia with remimazolam in a patient with mitochondrial encephalomyopathy: a case report. JA Clin Rep. 2021;7:51."},{"key":"i1878-7177-72-3-159-b12","series-title":"Eur J Anaesthesiol","first-page":"841","article-title":"Remimazolam and serious adverse events: a scoping review","volume":"40","author":"Kempenaers S","year":"2023","unstructured":"Kempenaers S,\nHansen T,\nVan de Velde M. Remimazolam and serious adverse events: a scoping review. 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Anesthesiology. 2020;132:652\u2013666."},{"key":"i1878-7177-72-3-159-b15","article-title":"Monitored anesthesia care in adults","author":"Rosero E.","year":"2023","unstructured":"Rosero E. Monitored anesthesia care in adults. UpToDate. 2023. Accessed January 17, 2023. https:\/\/www.uptodate.com\/contents\/monitored-anesthesia-care-in-adults?search=Rosero%20E.%20Monitored%20anesthesia%20care%20in%20adults.&source=search_result&selectedTitle=2%7E129&usage_type=default&display_rank=2."},{"key":"i1878-7177-72-3-159-b16","series-title":"J Crit Care Med","first-page":"3","article-title":"Target controlled infusion: an anaesthetic technique brought in ICU","volume":"8","author":"Szederjesi J.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Szederjesi J. Target controlled infusion: an anaesthetic technique brought in ICU. J Crit Care Med. 2022;8:3\u20135."},{"key":"i1878-7177-72-3-159-b17","series-title":"Korean J Anesthesiol","first-page":"457","article-title":"Remimazolam: another option for induction of general anesthesia?","volume":"75","author":"Lee HC.","year":"2022","unstructured":"Lee HC. Remimazolam: another option for induction of general anesthesia? Korean J Anesthesiol. 2022;75:457\u2013459."},{"key":"i1878-7177-72-3-159-b18","series-title":"J Med Cases","first-page":"386","article-title":"Remimazolam in a pediatric patient with a suspected family history of malignant hyperthermia","volume":"13","author":"Petkus H","year":"2022","unstructured":"Petkus H,\nWiller B,\nTobias J. Remimazolam in a pediatric patient with a suspected family history of malignant hyperthermia. J Med Cases. 2022;13:386\u2013390."}],"container-title":["Anesthesia Progress"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/anesthesiaprogress.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/anpr\/72\/3\/article-p159.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/anesthesiaprogress.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/anpr\/72\/3\/article-p159.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/anesthesiaprogress.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/anpr\/72\/3\/article-p159.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T10:44:33Z","timestamp":1790246673000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/anesthesiaprogress.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/anpr\/72\/3\/article-p159.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2344\/24-0017","relation":{},"ISSN":["1878-7177","0003-3006"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1878-7177","type":"electronic"},{"value":"0003-3006","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]}}}