{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T01:10:11Z","timestamp":1730941811797,"version":"3.28.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"American Dental Society of Anesthesiology (ADSA)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Hepatic compromise poses significant impacts upon the care of patients undergoing routine dental treatment. When sedation or general anesthesia is planned for dental treatment or oral and maxillofacial surgery, an understanding of basic liver function and clinical evaluation can assist in adapting treatment modifications for patients with limited function due to previous disease and resultant organ transplantation efforts. Beginning with a basic overview of hepatic physiology, this review will outline the specific functions of digestion, metabolism, synthesis, and detoxification involving the liver. Specific clinical considerations will be reviewed regarding comorbidities that develop prior to and after liver transplantation that often impact a patient\u2019s suitability for ambulatory and office-based care. Lastly, choices in both local anesthetics, sedative medications, general anesthetics, and postoperative analgesics utilized in dental treatment will be discussed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2344\/616992","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,9]],"date-time":"2024-09-09T11:07:12Z","timestamp":1725880032000},"page":"149-157","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dental Sedation and General Anesthesia Considerations for Patients Posthepatic Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.2344","volume":"71","author":[{"given":"Tiffany","family":"Hoang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dental Student, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alon","family":"Frydman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor of Clinical Dentistry, Division of Periodontology, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Regina A. E.","family":"Dowdy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adjunct Assistant Clinical Professor in Anesthesia and Emergency Medicine, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1191","reference":[{"key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b01","series-title":"Sabiston Textbook of Surgery","first-page":"1425","article-title":"The liver","author":"Dudeja VFA,","year":"2022","unstructured":"Dudeja VFA,Fong Y. The liver. In: Townsend Jr. CM,Beauchamp RD,Miller MED,Wexner SD, eds. Sabiston Textbook of Surgery. 21st ed. Elsevier, Inc; 2022:1425\u20131488. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-323-64062-6.00054-2"},{"key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b02","series-title":"Berne & Levy Physiology","first-page":"506","article-title":"Section 6 Gastrointestinal Physiology","author":"Barrett K,","year":"2024","unstructured":"Barrett K,Raybould HE. Section 6 Gastrointestinal Physiology. In: Koeppen BM,Stanton BM, eds. Berne & Levy Physiology. 8th ed. Elsevier, Inc; 2024:506. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/B978-0-323-84790-2.00056-4"},{"key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b03","series-title":"Henry\u2019s Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods","author":"McPherson RA,","year":"2011","unstructured":"McPherson RA,Pincus MR. Henry\u2019s Clinical Diagnosis and Management by Laboratory Methods. 24th ed. Elsevier, Inc; 2011."},{"issue":"3","key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b04","series-title":"J Fluoresc","first-page":"977","article-title":"\u03b3-Glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) sensitive fluorescence probes for cancer diagnosis; brief review","volume":"34","author":"Saleem M,","year":"2024","unstructured":"Saleem M,Hanif M,Rafiq M,Raza H,Ja KS,Lu C. \u03b3-Glutamyltranspeptidase (GGT) sensitive fluorescence probes for cancer diagnosis; brief review. J Fluoresc. 2024;34(3):977\u20131006. doi:10.1007\/s10895-023-03353-6"},{"key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b05","series-title":"Indian J Sci Technol","first-page":"1","article-title":"Various medical aspects of liver transplantation and its survival prediction using machine learning techniques","volume":"10","author":"Raji CG,","year":"2017","unstructured":"Raji CG,Vinod Chandra SS. Various medical aspects of liver transplantation and its survival prediction using machine learning techniques. Indian J Sci Technol. 2017;10:1\u201317. doi:17485\/ijst\/2017\/v10i13\/94111"},{"issue":"1","key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b06","series-title":"Ann Hepatol","first-page":"100535","article-title":"From Child-Pugh to MELD score and beyond: taking a walk down memory lane","volume":"27","author":"Ruf A,","year":"2022","unstructured":"Ruf A,Dirchwolf M,Freeman RB. From Child-Pugh to MELD score and beyond: taking a walk down memory lane. Ann Hepatol. 2022;27(1):100535. doi:10.1016\/j.aohep.2021.100535"},{"issue":"6","key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b07","series-title":"J Hepatol","first-page":"1199","article-title":"Liver transplantation immunology: immunosuppression, rejection, and immunomodulation","volume":"78","author":"Montano-Loza AJ,","year":"2023","unstructured":"Montano-Loza AJ,Rodr\u00edguez-Per\u00e1lvarez ML,Pageaux GP,Sanchez-Fueyo A,Feng S. Liver transplantation immunology: immunosuppression, rejection, and immunomodulation. J Hepatol. 2023;78(6):1199\u20131215. doi:10.1016\/j.jhep.2023.01.030"},{"issue":"8","key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b08","series-title":"Am J Transplant","first-page":"1725","article-title":"Azathioprine in liver transplantation: a reevaluation of its use and a comparison with mycophenolate mofetil","volume":"9","author":"Germani G,","year":"2009","unstructured":"Germani G,Pleguezuelo M,Villamil F, et al. Azathioprine in liver transplantation: a reevaluation of its use and a comparison with mycophenolate mofetil. Am J Transplant. 2009;9(8):1725\u20131731. doi:10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2009.02705.x"},{"issue":"2","key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b09","series-title":"Paediatr Drugs","first-page":"81","article-title":"Therapy for acute rejection in pediatric organ transplant recipients","volume":"5","author":"Debray D,","year":"2003","unstructured":"Debray D,Furlan V,Baudouin V,Houyel L,Lacaille F,Chardot C. Therapy for acute rejection in pediatric organ transplant recipients. Paediatr Drugs. 2003;5(2):81\u201393. doi:10.2165\/00128072-200305020-00002"},{"issue":"2","key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b10","series-title":"J Gastrointestin Liver Dis","first-page":"283","article-title":"Long term follow-up of liver transplant recipients: considerations for non-transplant specialists","volume":"30","author":"Iacob S,","year":"2021","unstructured":"Iacob S,Gheorghe L. Long term follow-up of liver transplant recipients: considerations for non-transplant specialists. J Gastrointestin Liver Dis. 2021;30(2):283\u2013290. doi:10.15403\/jgld-3616"},{"issue":"3","key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b11","series-title":"Anesthesiol Clin","first-page":"539","article-title":"Anesthetic considerations in transplant recipients for nontransplant surgery","volume":"35","author":"Herborn J,","year":"2017","unstructured":"Herborn J,Parulkar S. Anesthetic considerations in transplant recipients for nontransplant surgery. Anesthesiol Clin. 2017;35(3):539\u2013553. doi:10.1016\/j.anclin.2017.04.009"},{"issue":"18","key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b12","series-title":"World J Gastroenterol","first-page":"2138","article-title":"Medical management of metabolic and cardiovascular complications after liver transplantation","volume":"26","author":"Becchetti C,","year":"2020","unstructured":"Becchetti C,Dirchwolf M,Banz V,Dufour JF. Medical management of metabolic and cardiovascular complications after liver transplantation. World J Gastroenterol. 2020;26(18):2138\u20132154. doi:10.3748\/wjg.v26.i18.2138"},{"issue":"3","key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b13","series-title":"Transplant Proc","first-page":"779","article-title":"Development of routine dental care for liver transplant outpatients","volume":"50","author":"Nascimento SV,","year":"2018","unstructured":"Nascimento SV,Gonzalez AM,Aguiar Roza B, et al. Development of routine dental care for liver transplant outpatients. Transplant Proc. 2018;50(3):779\u2013783. doi:10.1016\/j.transproceed.2018.02.054"},{"issue":"2","key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b14","series-title":"Exp Clin Transplant","first-page":"690","article-title":"Perioperative anesthetic management for recipients of orthotopic liver transplant undergoing nontransplant surgery","volume":"5","author":"Zeyneloglu P,","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zeyneloglu P,Pirat A,Sulemanji D,Torgay A,Karakayali H,Arslan G. Perioperative anesthetic management for recipients of orthotopic liver transplant undergoing nontransplant surgery. Exp Clin Transplant. 2007;5(2):690\u2013692."},{"issue":"9","key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b15","series-title":"J Periodontol","first-page":"1250","article-title":"Gingival enlargement in children administered cyclosporine after liver transplantation","volume":"81","author":"Lin YT,","year":"2010","unstructured":"Lin YT,Yang FT. Gingival enlargement in children administered cyclosporine after liver transplantation. J Periodontol. 2010;81(9):1250\u20131255. doi:10.1902\/jop.2010.090743"},{"issue":"7","key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b16","series-title":"Pediatr Transplant","article-title":"Oral health of pediatric liver transplant recipients","volume":"21","author":"Sandoval MJ,","year":"2017","unstructured":"Sandoval MJ,Zekeridou A,Spyropoulou V, et al. Oral health of pediatric liver transplant recipients. Pediatr Transplant. 2017;21(7). doi:10.1111\/petr.13019"},{"key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b17","series-title":"N Engl J Med","first-page":"1723","article-title":"Increased incidence of lymphoproliferative disorder after immunosuppression with the monoclonal antibody OKT3 in cardiac-transplant recipients","volume":"323","author":"Swinnen L,","year":"1990","unstructured":"Swinnen L,Costanzo-Nordin M,Fisher S, et al. Increased incidence of lymphoproliferative disorder after immunosuppression with the monoclonal antibody OKT3 in cardiac-transplant recipients. N Engl J Med. 1990;323:1723\u20131728."},{"key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b18","series-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther","first-page":"1739","article-title":"Investigation of the inhibitory effect of simvastatin on the metabolism of lidocaine both in vitro and in vivo","volume":"14","author":"Wang Y,","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang Y,Ou-Yang QG,Huang WL, et al. Investigation of the inhibitory effect of simvastatin on the metabolism of lidocaine both in vitro and in vivo. Drug Des Devel Ther. 2020;14:1739\u20131747. doi:10.2147\/DDDT.S241022"},{"issue":"3","key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b19","series-title":"Crit Care Clin","first-page":"397","article-title":"Pharmacologic issues in liver disease","volume":"32","author":"Gallagher J,","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gallagher J,Biesboer AN,Killian AJ. Pharmacologic issues in liver disease. Crit Care Clin. 2016;32(3):397\u2013410. doi:10.1016\/j.ccc.2016.02.003"},{"issue":"4","key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b20","series-title":"Gut","first-page":"617","article-title":"Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) therapy in patients with hypertension, cardiovascular, renal or gastrointestinal comorbidities: joint APAGE\/APLAR\/APSDE\/APSH\/APSN\/PoA recommendations","volume":"69","author":"Szeto CC,","year":"2020","unstructured":"Szeto CC,Sugano K,Wang JG, et al. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) therapy in patients with hypertension, cardiovascular, renal or gastrointestinal comorbidities: joint APAGE\/APLAR\/APSDE\/APSH\/APSN\/PoA recommendations. Gut. 2020;69(4):617\u2013629. doi:10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-319300"},{"issue":"21","key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b21","series-title":"World J Hepatol","first-page":"2331","article-title":"Analgesia after liver transplantation","volume":"7","author":"Milan Z.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Milan Z. Analgesia after liver transplantation. World J Hepatol. 2015;7(21):2331\u20132335. doi:10.4254\/wjh.v7.i21.2331"},{"issue":"4","key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b22","series-title":"J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother","first-page":"17","article-title":"The pharmacokinetics of oxycodone","volume":"18","author":"Lugo RA,","year":"2004","unstructured":"Lugo RA,Kern SE. The pharmacokinetics of oxycodone. J Pain Palliat Care Pharmacother. 2004;18(4):17\u201330. doi:10.1300\/j354v18n04_03"},{"issue":"2","key":"i1878-7177-71-3-149-b23","series-title":"Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes","first-page":"186","article-title":"Acute benefits after liposomal bupivacaine abdominal wall blockade for living liver donation: a retrospective review","volume":"2","author":"Amundson AW,","year":"2018","unstructured":"Amundson AW,Olsen DA,Smith HM, et al. Acute benefits after liposomal bupivacaine abdominal wall blockade for living liver donation: a retrospective review. Mayo Clin Proc Innov Qual Outcomes. 2018;2(2):186\u2013193. doi:10.1016\/j.mayocpiqo.2018.03.003"}],"container-title":["Anesthesia Progress"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/anesthesiaprogress.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/anpr\/71\/3\/article-p149.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/anesthesiaprogress.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/anpr\/71\/3\/article-p149.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/anesthesiaprogress.kglmeridian.com\/downloadpdf\/journals\/anpr\/71\/3\/article-p149.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T00:31:30Z","timestamp":1730939490000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/anesthesiaprogress.kglmeridian.com\/view\/journals\/anpr\/71\/3\/article-p149.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2344\/616992","relation":{},"ISSN":["1878-7177","0003-3006"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"1878-7177"},{"type":"print","value":"0003-3006"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]}}}