{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T13:44:45Z","timestamp":1761745485729},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"American Dental Society of Anesthesiology (ADSA)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) does not always result in successful pulpal anesthesia. Nitrous oxide may increase the success of the IANB. The purpose of this investigation was to study the effect of nitrous oxide\/oxygen (N2O\/O2) on IANB injection pain and mandibular pulpal anesthesia in asymptomatic subjects. One hundred five asymptomatic subjects received an IANB after the administration of N2O\/O2 or room air\/oxygen (air\/O2) at 2 separate appointments. After the IANB, subjects rated their level of pain for each phase of the injection (needle insertion, needle placement, and solution deposition) using a Heft Parker visual analog scale. Pulpal anesthesia was evaluated with an electric pulp tester for 60 minutes. The mean pain rating for all 3 injection phases showed a statistically significant reduction in pain when N2O\/O2 was used compared with Air\/O2 (P &amp;lt; .05). Odds ratios demonstrated a statistically significant increase in IANB success for the N2O\/O2 group compared with the air\/O2 group. N2O\/O2 administration statistically decreased pain for all 3 injection phases of the IANB. In addition, nitrous oxide statistically increased the likelihood of pulpal anesthesia for posterior mandibular teeth. However, the incidence of pulpal anesthesia was not 100%.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2344\/anpr-68-01-10","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]],"date-time":"2021-06-29T14:14:45Z","timestamp":1624976085000},"page":"69-75","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Nitrous Oxide\/Oxygen Effect on IANB Injection Pain and Mandibular Pulpal Anesthesia in Asymptomatic Subjects"],"prefix":"10.2344","volume":"68","author":[{"given":"Ben","family":"Kushnir","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Former Graduate Student in Endodontics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio"},{"name":"Private practice, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Fowler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Associate Professor and Predoctoral Director, Division of Endodontics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Drum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor and Graduate Program Director, Division of Endodontics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Nusstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Professor and Chair, Division of Endodontics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Al","family":"Reader","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emeritus Professor, Division of Endodontics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mike Beck","family":"DDS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emeritus Associate Professor, Division of Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1191","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021062918143408900_i0003-3006-68-2-69-b01","unstructured":"Nusstein\n              J,\n            \n            \n              Reader\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Beck\n              M.\n            \n          \n          Anesthetic efficacy of different volumes of lidocaine with epinephrine for inferior alveolar nerve blocks.\n\t\t\t\t\tGen Dent.\n\t\t\t\t\t2002;\n\t\t\t\t\t50:\n\t\t\t\t\t372\u2013\n\t\t\t\t\t375."},{"key":"2021062918143408900_i0003-3006-68-2-69-b02","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fowler\n              S,\n            \n            \n              Reader\n              A,\n            \n            \n              Beck\n              M.\n            \n          \n          Incidence of missed inferior alveolar nerve blocks in vital asymptomatic subjects and in patients with 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