{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T06:18:19Z","timestamp":1769149099594,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":87,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,1]],"date-time":"2008-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1220227200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,9,1]],"date-time":"2008-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1220227200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/legal\/tdmrep-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ajp.amjpathol.org","clinicalkey.com","clinicalkey.com.au","clinicalkey.es","clinicalkey.fr","clinicalkey.jp","elsevier.com","sciencedirect.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["The American Journal of Pathology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]},"DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,8,7]],"date-time":"2008-08-07T21:49:52Z","timestamp":1218145792000},"page":"752-761","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/elsevier_cm_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Hedgehog Signaling, Keratin 6 Induction, and Sebaceous Gland Morphogenesis"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"173","author":[{"given":"Li-Hong","family":"Gu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pierre A.","family":"Coulombe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1002\/humu.20652","article-title":"The Human Intermediate Filament Database: comprehensive information on a gene family involved in many human diseases","volume":"29","author":"Szeverenyi","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum Mutat"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"514","DOI":"10.1126\/science.279.5350.514","article-title":"A structural scaffolding of intermediate filaments in health and disease","volume":"279","author":"Fuchs","year":"1998","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2087","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra040319","article-title":"Intermediate filament proteins and their associated diseases","volume":"351","author":"Omary","year":"2004","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ceb.2006.12.007","article-title":"Keratin function in skin epithelia: a broadening palette with surprising shades","volume":"19","author":"Gu","year":"2007","journal-title":"Curr Opin Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1552107","article-title":"Intermediate filament scaffolds fulfill mechanical, organizational, and signaling functions in the cytoplasm","volume":"21","author":"Kim","year":"2007","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib6","first-page":"141","article-title":"The wound repair associated keratins 6, 16, and 17: insights into the role of intermediate filaments in specifying cytoarchitecture","author":"McGowan","year":"1998"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"735","DOI":"10.1078\/0171-9335-00443","article-title":"Great promises yet to be fulfilled: defining keratin intermediate filament function in vivo","volume":"83","author":"Coulombe","year":"2004","journal-title":"Eur J Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1397","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.98.4.1397","article-title":"Monoclonal antibody analysis of keratin expression in epidermal diseases: a 48- and 56-kdalton keratin as molecular markers for hyperproliferative keratinocytes","volume":"98","author":"Weiss","year":"1984","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"767","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1998.02499.x","article-title":"Specialized keratin expression pattern in human ridged skin as an adaptation to high physical stress","volume":"139","author":"Swensson","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"921","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.150.4.921","article-title":"Introducing a null mutation in the mouse K6alpha and K6beta genes reveals their essential structural role in the oral mucosa","volume":"150","author":"Wong","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1412","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.979502","article-title":"Keratin 17 null mice exhibit age- and strain-dependent alopecia","volume":"16","author":"McGowan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5248","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.20.14.5248-5255.2000","article-title":"Delayed wound healing in keratin 6a knock-out mice","volume":"20","author":"Wojcik","year":"2000","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3439","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.12.11.3439","article-title":"Increased levels of keratin 16 alter the epithelialization potential of mouse skin keratinocytes in vivo and ex vivo","volume":"12","author":"Wawersik","year":"2001","journal-title":"Mol Biol Cell"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200305032","article-title":"Loss of keratin 6 (K6) proteins reveals a function for intermediate filaments during wound repair","volume":"163","author":"Wong","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1387406","article-title":"Keratin 17 regulates hair follicle cycling in a TNFalpha-dependent fashion","volume":"20","author":"Tong","year":"2006","journal-title":"Genes & Dev"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"362","DOI":"10.1038\/nature04659","article-title":"A keratin cytoskeletal protein regulates protein synthesis and epithelial cell growth","volume":"441","author":"Kim","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib17","first-page":"PE22","article-title":"Death receptor signaling giving life to ectodermal organs","author":"Thesleff","year":"2002","journal-title":"Sci STKE"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1999.02810.x","article-title":"Human keratin diseases: the increasing spectrum of disease and subtlety of the phenotype-genotype correlation","volume":"140","author":"Irvine","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"705","DOI":"10.1016\/S0190-9622(88)70226-1","article-title":"Pachyonychia congenita","volume":"19","author":"Feinstein","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Am Acad Dermatol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1087-0024.2005.10202.x","article-title":"Clinical and pathological features of pachyonychia congenita","volume":"10","author":"Leachman","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Investig Dermatol Symp Proc"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib21","series-title":"Steatocystomas","first-page":"148","year":"1994"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib22","first-page":"10","article-title":"Steatocystoma multiplex","volume":"6","author":"Naik","year":"2000","journal-title":"Derm Online J"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1038\/73417","article-title":"Basal cell carcinomas in mice overexpressing Gli2 in skin","volume":"24","author":"Grachtchouk","year":"2000","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0395-273","article-title":"Keratin 16 and keratin 17 mutations cause pachyonychia congenita","volume":"9","author":"McLean","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1038\/ng0795-363","article-title":"Mutation of a type II keratin gene (K6a) in pachyonychia congenita","volume":"10","author":"Bowden","year":"1995","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"220","DOI":"10.1111\/1523-1747.ep12335315","article-title":"Missense mutations in keratin 17 cause either pachyonychia congenita type 2 or a phenotype resembling steatocystoma multiplex","volume":"108","author":"Smith","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1998.02413.x","article-title":"Keratin 17 mutations cause either steatocystoma multiplex or pachyonychia congenita type 2","volume":"139","author":"Covello","year":"1998","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1143","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/7.7.1143","article-title":"A mutation in human keratin K6b produces a phenocopy of the K17 disorder pachyonychia congenita type 2","volume":"7","author":"Smith","year":"1998","journal-title":"Human Molecular Genetics"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11979","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.18.11979","article-title":"Defining a region of the human keratin 6a gene that confers inducible expression in stratified epithelia of transgenic mice","volume":"272","author":"Takahashi","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1109","DOI":"10.1126\/science.277.5329.1109","article-title":"Altered neural cell fates and medulloblastoma in mouse patched mutants","volume":"277","author":"Goodrich","year":"1997","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1061","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700673","article-title":"Keratin expression provides novel insight into the morphogenesis and function of the companion layer in hair follicles","volume":"127","author":"Gu","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5241","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.00703","article-title":"Manipulation of stem cell proliferation and lineage commitment: visualisation of label-retaining cells in wholemounts of mouse epidermis","volume":"130","author":"Braun","year":"2003","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.143.2.469","article-title":"Onset of keratin 17 expression coincides with the definition of major epithelial lineages during skin development","volume":"143","author":"McGowan","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1276","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1747.2003.12644.x","article-title":"Type II epithelial keratin 6hf (K6hf) is expressed in the companion layer, matrix, and medulla in anagen-stage hair follicles","volume":"121","author":"Wang","year":"2003","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1242\/jcs.97.1.39","article-title":"Antibody markers of basal cells in complex epithelia","volume":"97","author":"Purkis","year":"1990","journal-title":"J Cell Sci"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18581","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.270.31.18581","article-title":"Cloning and characterization of multiple human genes and cDNAs encoding highly related type II keratin 6 isoforms","volume":"270","author":"Takahashi","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1072","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1110","article-title":"NF-kappa B functions in synaptic signaling and behavior","volume":"6","author":"Meffert","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nat Neurosci"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5184","DOI":"10.1093\/emboj\/cdf505","article-title":"CARD11 mediates factor-specific activation of NF-kappaB by the T cell receptor complex","volume":"21","author":"Pomerantz","year":"2002","journal-title":"EMBO J"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib39","first-page":"165","article-title":"Development of murine epidermal cell lines which contain an activated rasHa oncogene and form papillomas in skin grafts on athymic nude mouse hosts","volume":"48","author":"Strickland","year":"1988","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7249","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.25.16.7249-7259.2005","article-title":"Exploiting the keratin 17 gene promoter to visualize live cells in epithelial appendages of mice","volume":"25","author":"Bianchi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1427","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e04-06-0498","article-title":"Defining the properties of the nonhelical tail domain in type II keratin 5: insight from a bullous disease-causing mutation","volume":"16","author":"Gu","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol Biol Cell"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1046\/j.0022-202x.2001.01377.x","article-title":"A comprehensive guide for the accurate classification of murine hair follicles in distinct hair cycle stages","volume":"117","author":"Muller-Rover","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1016\/S0012-1606(02)00042-8","article-title":"Hair cycle regulation of hedgehog signal reception","volume":"255","author":"Oro","year":"2003","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1380906","article-title":"Dual degradation signals control Gli protein stability and tumor formation","volume":"20","author":"Huntzicker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2724","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1221804","article-title":"MIM\/BEG4, a sonic hedgehog-responsive gene that potentiates Gli-dependent transcription","volume":"18","author":"Callahan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32077","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M001253200","article-title":"Inflammatory versus proliferative processes in epidermis. Tumor necrosis factor alpha induces K6b keratin synthesis through a transcriptional complex containing NFkappa B and C\/EBPbeta","volume":"275","author":"Komine","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Biol Chem"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib47","first-page":"361","article-title":"Transcriptional control of K5. K6, K14, and K17 keratin genes by AP-1 and NF-kappaB family members","volume":"6","author":"Ma","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gene Expr"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1180","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2004.22505.x","article-title":"FOXE1, a new transcriptional target of GLI2 is expressed in human epidermis and basal cell carcinoma","volume":"122","author":"Eichberger","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2595","DOI":"10.1093\/hmg\/ddh292","article-title":"Requirement of the forkhead gene foxe1, a target of sonic hedgehog signaling, in hair follicle morphogenesis","volume":"13","author":"Brancaccio","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum Mol Genet"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1058","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(98)70443-9","article-title":"Sonic hedgehog signaling is essential for hair development","volume":"8","author":"St-Jacques","year":"1998","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI7691","article-title":"Induction of the hair growth phase in postnatal mice by localized transient expression of Sonic hedgehog","volume":"104","author":"Sato","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Clin Invest"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.1998.9103","article-title":"Essential role for sonic hedgehog during hair follicle morphogenesis","volume":"205","author":"Chiang","year":"1999","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2005.23867.x","article-title":"Modulation of hair growth with small molecule agonists of the hedgehog signaling pathway","volume":"125","author":"Paladini","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1992.tb07813.x","article-title":"Keratin expression in basal cell carcinomas","volume":"126","author":"Markey","year":"1992","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.1999.02601.x","article-title":"Cytokeratin expression in trichoblastic fibroma (small nodular type trichoblastoma), trichoepithelioma and basal cell carcinoma","volume":"140","author":"Yamamoto","year":"1999","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1523-1747.2004.t01-2-.x","article-title":"Regulation of human sebaceous glands","volume":"123","author":"Thiboutot","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Investig Dermatol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"291","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2494.2004.00238.x","article-title":"Advances in sebaceous gland research: potential new approached to acne management","volume":"26","author":"Downie","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int J Cosmet Sci"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"597","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2006.06.048","article-title":"Blimp1 defines a progenitor population that governs cellular input to the sebaceous gland","volume":"126","author":"Horsley","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2173","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63574-2","article-title":"Hedgehog signaling regulates sebaceous gland development","volume":"163","author":"Allen","year":"2003","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"issue":"Suppl 1","key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11873","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1834202100","article-title":"Indian hedgehog and beta-catenin signaling: role in the sebaceous lineage of normal and neoplastic mammalian epidermis","volume":"100","author":"Niemann","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1038\/88889","article-title":"Deregulated expression of c-Myc depletes epidermal stem cells","volume":"28","author":"Waikel","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1125","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06458.x","article-title":"Ectopic expression of c-Myc in the skin affects the hair growth cycle and causes an enlargement of the sebaceous gland","volume":"152","author":"Bull","year":"2005","journal-title":"Br J Dermatol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2916","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-06-3427","article-title":"Dual role of inactivating Lef1 mutations in epidermis: tumor promotion and specification of tumor type","volume":"67","author":"Niemann","year":"2007","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"395","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1386","article-title":"Human sebaceous tumors harbor inactivating mutations in LEF1","volume":"12","author":"Takeda","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1787","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.01052","article-title":"Transient activation of beta-catenin signalling in adult mouse epidermis is sufficient to induce new hair follicles but continuous activation is required to maintain hair follicle tumours","volume":"131","author":"Lo Celso","year":"2004","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"976","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.1645908","article-title":"More than one way to skin","volume":"22","author":"Fuchs","year":"2008","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1006\/dbio.2002.0774","article-title":"Sonic hedgehog activates mesenchymal Gli1 expression during prostate ductal bud formation","volume":"249","author":"Lamm","year":"2002","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1231","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.02797","article-title":"Constitutive activation of smoothened (SMO) in mammary glands of transgenic mice leads to increased proliferation, altered differentiation and ductal dysplasia","volume":"134","author":"Moraes","year":"2007","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1002\/dvdy.10472","article-title":"Sonic hedgehog signaling plays an essential role during embryonic salivary gland epithelial branching morphogenesis","volume":"229","author":"Jaskoll","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dev Dyn"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1996.1147","article-title":"Spatial expression of sonic hedgehog in the lung epithelium during branching morphogenesis","volume":"225","author":"Urase","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"82","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ydbio.2007.03.003","article-title":"Dynamics of embryonic pancreas development using real-time imaging","volume":"306","author":"Puri","year":"2007","journal-title":"Dev Biol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"901","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2000.00951.x","article-title":"Conditional disruption of hedgehog signaling pathway defines its critical role in hair development and regeneration","volume":"114","author":"Wang","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"359","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1092436","article-title":"Defining the epithelial stem cell niche in skin","volume":"303","author":"Tumbar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"855","DOI":"10.1016\/j.devcel.2005.11.003","article-title":"Distinct stem cell populations regenerate the follicle and interfollicular epidermis","volume":"9","author":"Levy","year":"2005","journal-title":"Dev Cell"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1351","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1328","article-title":"Stem cells in the hair follicle bulge contribute to wound repair but not to homeostasis of the epidermis","volume":"11","author":"Ito","year":"2005","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"902","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.1998.00219.x","article-title":"Towards defining the pathogenesis of the hairless phenotype","volume":"110","author":"Panteleyev","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14653","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0507609102","article-title":"Hairless triggers reactivation of hair growth by promoting Wnt signaling","volume":"102","author":"Beaudoin","year":"2005","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1141","DOI":"10.1634\/stemcells.2007-0651","article-title":"Characterisation of bipotential epidermal progenitors derived from human sebaceous gland: contrasting roles of c-Myc and {beta}-catenin","volume":"26","author":"Lo Celso","year":"2008","journal-title":"Stem Cells"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2002.19518.x","article-title":"Keratin 16 expression defines a subset of epithelial cells during skin morphogenesis and the hair cycle","volume":"119","author":"Bernot","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib80","first-page":"161","article-title":"Differential keratin gene expression in developing, differentiating, preneoplastic, and neoplastic mouse mammary epithelium","volume":"1","author":"Smith","year":"1990","journal-title":"Cell Growth Differ"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"15853","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2136825100","article-title":"Evidence that transgenes encoding components of the Wnt signaling pathway preferentially induce mammary cancers from progenitor cells","volume":"100","author":"Li","year":"2003","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"R29","DOI":"10.1186\/bcr1504","article-title":"Keratin 6 is not essential for mammary gland development","volume":"8","author":"Grimm","year":"2006","journal-title":"Breast Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.200102079","article-title":"Discovery of a novel murine keratin 6 (K6) isoform explains the absence of hair and nail defects in mice deficient for K6a and K6b","volume":"154","author":"Wojcik","year":"2001","journal-title":"J Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1101","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1523-1747.2000.00986.x","article-title":"Keratin 17 expression in the hard epithelial context of the hair and nail, and its relevance for the pachyonychia congenita phenotype","volume":"114","author":"McGowan","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Invest Dermatol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.25.1.197-205.2005","article-title":"Overcoming functional redundancy to elicit pachyonychia congenita-like nail lesions in transgenic mice","volume":"25","author":"Wong","year":"2005","journal-title":"Mol Cell Biol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1038\/nsmb1301","article-title":"Interaction between the keratin cytoskeleton and eEF1Bgamma affects protein synthesis in epithelial cells","volume":"14","author":"Kim","year":"2007","journal-title":"Nat Struct Mol Biol"},{"key":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089_bib87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14460","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0706486104","article-title":"Reprogramming of keratin biosynthesis by sulforaphane restores skin integrity in epidermolysis bullosa simplex","volume":"104","author":"Kerns","year":"2007","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"}],"container-title":["The American Journal of Pathology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002944010616471?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S0002944010616471?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,11]],"date-time":"2025-09-11T14:10:46Z","timestamp":1757599846000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S0002944010616471"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]},"references-count":87,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]}},"alternative-id":["S0002944010616471"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9440"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9440","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"Elsevier","name":"publisher","label":"This article is maintained by"},{"value":"Hedgehog Signaling, Keratin 6 Induction, and Sebaceous Gland Morphogenesis","name":"articletitle","label":"Article Title"},{"value":"The American Journal of Pathology","name":"journaltitle","label":"Journal Title"},{"value":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2353\/ajpath.2008.071089","name":"articlelink","label":"CrossRef DOI link to publisher maintained version"},{"value":"article","name":"content_type","label":"Content Type"},{"value":"Copyright \u00a9 2008 American Society for Investigative Pathology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.","name":"copyright","label":"Copyright"}]}}