{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T12:05:54Z","timestamp":1791115554143,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Elsevier BV","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,1]],"date-time":"2008-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1214870400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.elsevier.com\/tdm\/userlicense\/1.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]},"DOI":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,6,14]],"date-time":"2008-06-14T02:18:13Z","timestamp":1213409893000},"page":"301-307","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":185,"title":["Immunohistochemistry versus Microsatellite Instability Testing for Screening Colorectal Cancer Patients at Risk for Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1016","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Liying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"78","reference":[{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199805213382101","article-title":"Incidence of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer and the feasibility of molecular screening for the disease","volume":"338","author":"Aaltonen","year":"1998","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1851","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043146","article-title":"Screening for the Lynch syndrome (hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer)","volume":"352","author":"Hampel","year":"2005","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2193","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2000.18.11.2193","article-title":"Population-based molecular detection of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer","volume":"18","author":"Salovaara","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa052627","article-title":"Prophylactic surgery to reduce the risk of gynecologic cancers in the Lynch syndrome","volume":"354","author":"Schmeler","year":"2006","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8484121","article-title":"Clues to the pathogenesis of familial colorectal cancer","volume":"260","author":"Aaltonen","year":"1993","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"558","DOI":"10.1038\/363558a0","article-title":"Ubiquitous somatic mutations in simple repeated sequences reveal a new mechanism for colonic carcinogenesis","volume":"363","author":"Ionov","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"810","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8484120","article-title":"Genetic mapping of a locus predisposing to human colorectal cancer","volume":"260","author":"Peltomaki","year":"1993","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"816","DOI":"10.1126\/science.8484122","article-title":"Microsatellite instability in cancer of the proximal colon","volume":"260","author":"Thibodeau","year":"1993","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1986","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.293.16.1986","article-title":"Accuracy of revised Bethesda guidelines, microsatellite instability, and immunohistochemistry for the identification of patients with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer","volume":"293","author":"Pinol","year":"2005","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6463","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/17.16.6463","article-title":"Hypervariability of simple sequences as a general source for polymorphic DNA markers","volume":"17","author":"Tautz","year":"1989","journal-title":"Nucleic Acids Res"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib11","first-page":"388","article-title":"Abundant class of human DNA polymorphisms which can be typed using the polymerase chain reaction","volume":"44","author":"Weber","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib12","first-page":"5853","article-title":"Microsatellite instability is associated with tumors that characterize the hereditary non-polyposis colorectal carcinoma syndrome","volume":"53","author":"Peltomaki","year":"1993","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib13","series-title":"The Genetic Basis of Human Cancer","author":"Vogelstein","year":"2002"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"919","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra012242","article-title":"Hereditary colorectal cancer","volume":"348","author":"Lynch","year":"2003","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6870","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.95.12.6870","article-title":"Incidence and functional consequences of hMLH1 promoter hypermethylation in colorectal carcinoma","volume":"95","author":"Herman","year":"1998","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1278","article-title":"Testing guidelines for hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer","volume":"4","author":"Umar","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1953","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)61144-3","article-title":"Endometrial and colorectal tumors from patients with hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer display different patterns of microsatellite instability","volume":"160","author":"Kuismanen","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib18","first-page":"5545","article-title":"A transforming growth factor beta receptor type II gene mutation common in colon and gastric but rare in endometrial cancers with microsatellite instability","volume":"55","author":"Myeroff","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib19","first-page":"5548","article-title":"Microsatellite instability and mutations of the transforming growth factor beta type II receptor gene in colorectal cancer","volume":"55","author":"Parsons","year":"1995","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib20","first-page":"5248","article-title":"A National Cancer Institute Workshop on Microsatellite Instability for cancer detection and familial predisposition: development of international criteria for the determination of microsatellite instability in colorectal cancer","volume":"58","author":"Boland","year":"1998","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1758","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/89.23.1758","article-title":"A National Cancer Institute Workshop on Hereditary Nonpolyposis Colorectal Cancer Syndrome: meeting highlights and Bethesda guidelines","volume":"89","author":"Rodriguez-Bigas","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djh034","article-title":"Revised Bethesda Guidelines for hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (Lynch syndrome) and microsatellite instability","volume":"96","author":"Umar","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.1155\/2004\/136734","article-title":"Development of a fluorescent multiplex assay for detection of MSI-High tumors","volume":"20","author":"Bacher","year":"2004","journal-title":"Dis Markers"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1804","DOI":"10.1053\/gast.2002.37070","article-title":"Evaluation of tumor microsatellite instability using five quasimonomorphic mononucleotide repeats and pentaplex PCR","volume":"123","author":"Suraweera","year":"2002","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2006.050092","article-title":"Comparison of the microsatellite instability analysis system and the Bethesda panel for the determination of microsatellite instability in colorectal cancers","volume":"8","author":"Murphy","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Mol Diagn"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1002\/path.2235","article-title":"Microsatellite unstable colorectal cancer cell lines with truncating TGFbetaRII mutations remain sensitive to endogenous TGFbeta","volume":"213","author":"Baker","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pathol"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1867","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)64143-0","article-title":"Stepwise deletions of polyA sequences in mismatch repair-deficient colorectal cancers","volume":"158","author":"Blake","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1201337","article-title":"Allelic profiles of mononucleotide repeat microsatellites in control individuals and in colorectal tumors with and without replication errors","volume":"15","author":"Zhou","year":"1997","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.3233\/CBM-2006-21-202","article-title":"Ascending the learning curve\u2014MSI testing experience of a six-laboratory consortium","volume":"2","author":"Lindor","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer Biomark"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1025806911782","article-title":"Epigenetic changes in colorectal cancer","volume":"23","author":"Kondo","year":"2004","journal-title":"Cancer Metastasis Rev"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"191","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-1118-3","article-title":"BRAF mutation is frequently present in sporadic colorectal cancer with methylated hMLH1, but not in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer","volume":"10","author":"Deng","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Cancer Res"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2107","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9440(10)63062-3","article-title":"Features of colorectal cancers with high-level microsatellite instability occurring in familial and sporadic settings: parallel pathways of tumorigenesis","volume":"159","author":"Young","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"949","DOI":"10.1038\/nature00766","article-title":"Mutations of the BRAF gene in human cancer","volume":"417","author":"Davies","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9192","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1207061","article-title":"BRAF mutations characterize colon but not gastric cancer with mismatch repair deficiency","volume":"22","author":"Oliveira","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"934","DOI":"10.1038\/418934a","article-title":"Tumorigenesis: RAF\/RAS oncogenes and mismatch-repair status","volume":"418","author":"Rajagopalan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1137","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2003.037671","article-title":"BRAF mutation is associated with DNA methylation in serrated polyps and cancers of the colorectum","volume":"53","author":"Kambara","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3995","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1208569","article-title":"BRAF-V600E is not involved in the colorectal tumorigenesis of HNPCC in patients with functional MLH1 and MSH2 genes","volume":"24","author":"Domingo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"664","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2004.020651","article-title":"BRAF screening as a low-cost effective strategy for simplifying HNPCC genetic testing","volume":"41","author":"Domingo","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1086\/337944","article-title":"Molecular and clinical characteristics of MSH6 variants: an analysis of 25 index carriers of a germline variant","volume":"70","author":"Berends","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1262","DOI":"10.1086\/421332","article-title":"Penetrance and expressivity of MSH6 germline mutations in seven kindreds not ascertained by family history","volume":"74","author":"Buttin","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.03.068","article-title":"Cancer risk in hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer due to MSH6 mutations: impact on counseling and surveillance","volume":"127","author":"Hendriks","year":"2004","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13629","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.24.13629","article-title":"hMSH2 forms specific mispair-binding complexes with hMSH3 and hMSH6","volume":"93","author":"Acharya","year":"1996","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci USA"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1101\/gad.10.4.407","article-title":"Redundancy of Saccharomyces cerevisiae MSH3 and MSH6 in MSH2-dependent mismatch repair","volume":"10","author":"Marsischky","year":"1996","journal-title":"Genes Dev"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"467","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80433-X","article-title":"Mutation in the mismatch repair gene Msh6 causes cancer susceptibility","volume":"91","author":"Edelmann","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib45","first-page":"678","article-title":"Mononucleotide microsatellite instability and germline MSH6 mutation analysis in early onset colorectal cancer","volume":"36","author":"Verma","year":"1999","journal-title":"J Med Genet"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"769","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1453","article-title":"Genetic predisposition to colorectal cancer","volume":"4","author":"de la Chapelle","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Rev Cancer"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"390","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejhg.5201584","article-title":"Phenotypic and genotypic heterogeneity in the Lynch syndrome: diagnostic, surveillance and management implications","volume":"14","author":"Lynch","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur J Hum Genet"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1866","article-title":"Heritable germline epimutation of MSH2 in a family with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer","volume":"38","author":"Chan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa064522","article-title":"Inheritance of a cancer-associated MLH1 germ-line epimutation","volume":"356","author":"Hitchins","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1038\/ng1342","article-title":"Germline epimutation of MLH1 in individuals with multiple cancers","volume":"36","author":"Suter","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat Genet"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0004.2007.00751.x","article-title":"MLH1 germline epimutations in selected patients with early-onset non-polyposis colorectal cancer","volume":"71","author":"Valle","year":"2007","journal-title":"Clin Genet"},{"key":"10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062_bib52","first-page":"4749","article-title":"Diagnostic microsatellite instability: definition and correlation with mismatch repair protein expression","volume":"57","author":"Dietmaier","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cancer Res"}],"container-title":["The Journal of Molecular Diagnostics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S152515781060164X?httpAccept=text\/xml","content-type":"text\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/api.elsevier.com\/content\/article\/PII:S152515781060164X?httpAccept=text\/plain","content-type":"text\/plain","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,12]],"date-time":"2019-05-12T03:31:35Z","timestamp":1557631895000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/linkinghub.elsevier.com\/retrieve\/pii\/S152515781060164X"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]},"references-count":52,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]}},"alternative-id":["S152515781060164X"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2353\/jmoldx.2008.080062","relation":{},"ISSN":["1525-1578"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1525-1578","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2008,7]]}}}