{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T06:10:13Z","timestamp":1747894213556,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"IEEE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743379200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]],"date-time":"2025-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743379200000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"DOI":"10.23919\/date64628.2025.10992879","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,21]],"date-time":"2025-05-21T17:36:35Z","timestamp":1747848995000},"page":"1-7","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A System Level Performance Evaluation for Superconducting Digital Systems"],"prefix":"10.23919","author":[{"given":"Joyjit","family":"Kundu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"imec,Leuven,Belgium"}]},{"given":"Debjyoti","family":"Bhattacharjee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"imec,Leuven,Belgium"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Josephsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"imec,Florida,USA"}]},{"given":"Ankit","family":"Pokhrel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"imec,Leuven,Belgium"}]},{"given":"Udara","family":"De Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"imec,Florida,USA"}]},{"given":"Wenzhe","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"imec,Leuven,Belgium"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Van Winckel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"imec,Leuven,Belgium"}]},{"given":"Steven","family":"Brebels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"imec,Leuven,Belgium"}]},{"given":"Quentin","family":"Herr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"imec,Florida,USA"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Herr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"imec,Florida,USA"}]},{"given":"Manu","family":"Perumkunnil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"imec,Leuven,Belgium"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"article-title":"What\u2019s the future of generative AI? An early view in 15 charts","volume-title":"M.. Company","year":"2023","key":"ref1"},{"volume-title":"Generative ai boosts demand for compute resources: Altman solon analysis","year":"2023","author":"Solon","key":"ref2"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/ARXIV.1706.03762"},{"key":"ref4","article-title":"Energy efficiency scaling for 2 decades (ees2) roadmap for computing","volume-title":"28th Annual IEEE High Performance Extreme Computing Virtual Conference, Virtual, CO, US","author":"Booth","year":"2024"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2022.3148714"},{"key":"ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/HPEC58863.2023.10363447"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MM.2024.3373763"},{"volume-title":"The great nanometer chip race","year":"2023","author":"Asia","key":"ref8"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/977091.977115"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/101.960685"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"Scaling laws for neural language models","volume-title":"CoRR","volume":"abs\/2001.08361","author":"Kaplan","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref12","article-title":"Pulse conserving logic","volume-title":"poster presented at Applied Superconducting Conference","author":"Josephsen","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref13","article-title":"A pipelined superconducting 16-bit cpu design","volume-title":"Applied Superconducting Conference","author":"Vesely","year":"2018"},{"issue":"10","key":"ref14","first-page":"105010","article-title":"Synchronous chip-to-chip communication with a multi-chip resonator clock distribution network*","volume-title":"Superconductor Science and Technology","volume":"35","author":"Egan","year":"2022"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCAS.2024.3376492"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSSC.2020.3041338"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/5.0148235"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6668\/ac8e38"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1361-6668\/ac5786"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MSPEC.2024.10551792"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASC.2017.2667403"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASC.2019.2904919"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1201\/9780429183027-29"},{"issue":"17","key":"ref24","first-page":"171101","article-title":"NbTiN thin films for superconducting photon detectors on photonic and two-dimensional materials","volume-title":"Applied Physics Letters","volume":"116","author":"Steinhauer","year":"2020"},{"key":"ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.4931943"},{"key":"ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IEDM45625.2022.10019483"},{"key":"ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IITC47697.2020.9515597"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"Scaling nbtin-based ac-powered josephson digital to 400m devices\/cm 2","volume-title":"arXiv preprint","author":"Herr","year":"2023"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IMW.2018.8388826"},{"key":"ref30","first-page":"774","article-title":"Cryogenic computer architecture modeling with memory-side case studies","volume-title":"2019 ACM\/ IEEE 46th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture (ISCA)","author":"Lee","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3132402.3132424"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IISWC63097.2024.00015"},{"key":"ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ISPASS57527.2023.00037"},{"key":"ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3458817.3476209","article-title":"Efficient large-scale language model training on gpu clusters using megatron-lm","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis","author":"Narayanan","year":"2021"},{"volume-title":"Flashattention: Fast and memory-efficient exact attention with io-awareness","year":"2022","author":"Dao","key":"ref35"}],"event":{"name":"2025 Design, Automation &amp; Test in Europe Conference (DATE)","start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"location":"Lyon, France","end":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,2]]}},"container-title":["2025 Design, Automation &amp;amp; Test in Europe Conference (DATE)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/10992638\/10992588\/10992879.pdf?arnumber=10992879","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,22]],"date-time":"2025-05-22T05:32:53Z","timestamp":1747891973000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10992879\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]},"references-count":35,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23919\/date64628.2025.10992879","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,31]]}}}