{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T11:13:43Z","timestamp":1780053223329,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"IEEE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]],"date-time":"2023-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687910400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]],"date-time":"2023-06-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687910400000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]]},"DOI":"10.23919\/fusion52260.2023.10224086","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,25]],"date-time":"2023-08-25T13:18:58Z","timestamp":1692969538000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Uncertain about ChatGPT: enabling the uncertainty evaluation of large language models"],"prefix":"10.23919","author":[{"given":"A-L.","family":"Jousselme","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CS Group,La Garde,France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.P.","family":"de Villiers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pretoria,Pretoria,South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"de Freitas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pretoria,Pretoria,South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Blasch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Air Force Research Lab,Rome,NY,USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"V.","family":"Dragos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ONERA-The French Aerospace Lab,Palaiseau,France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Pavlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D-CIS Lab, Thales Research and Technology,Delft,The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. C.","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"George Mason University,Fairfax,VA,USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. B.","family":"Laskey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"George Mason University,Fairfax,VA,USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C.","family":"Laudy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thales,Palaiseau,France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","article-title":"ChatGPT Blog Website"},{"key":"ref2","article-title":"The Brilliance and Weirdness of ChatGPT","author":"Roose"},{"issue":"05856","key":"ref3","article-title":"\u201d i think this is the most disruptive technology\u201d: Exploring sentiments of ChatGPT early adopters using twitter data","volume":"2212","author":"Haque","year":"2022","journal-title":"arXiv preprint"},{"issue":"13627","key":"ref4","article-title":"A critical appraisal of equity in conversational ai: Evidence from auditing gpt-3\u2019s dialogues with different publics on climate change and black lives matter","volume":"2209","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"arXiv preprint"},{"key":"ref5","first-page":"50","article-title":"Uncertainty representation, quantification and evaluation for data and information fusion","volume-title":"Int. Conf. on Information Fusion","author":"de Villiers"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref6","first-page":"198","article-title":"Uncertainty representation and evaluation for modeling and decision-making in information fusion","volume":"13","author":"De Villiers","year":"2018","journal-title":"Journal for Advances in Information Fusion"},{"key":"ref7","first-page":"2301","article-title":"Towards unbiased evaluation of uncertainty reasoning: The URREF ontology","volume-title":"Int. Conf. on Information Fusion","author":"Costa"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref8","first-page":"137","article-title":"Urref: Uncertainty representation and reasoning evaluation framework for information fusion","volume":"13","author":"Costa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Journal of Advances in Information Fusion"},{"key":"ref9","article-title":"A categorical archive of chatgpt failures","author":"Borji","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv preprint arXiv:2302.03494"},{"key":"ref10","article-title":"Natural language processing in information fusion terminology management","volume-title":"International Conference on Information Fusion","author":"Dura"},{"key":"ref11","article-title":"Situation and context in data fusion and natural language understanding","volume-title":"Int. Conf. on Information Fusion","author":"Steinberg"},{"key":"ref12","article-title":"Expression of uncertainty in linguistic data","volume-title":"Int. Conf. on Information Fusion","author":"Auger"},{"key":"ref13","first-page":"380","article-title":"Natural language understanding for soft information fusion","volume-title":"Int. Conf. on Information Fusion","author":"Shapiro"},{"key":"ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/bigdata.2013.6691740"},{"key":"ref15","first-page":"893","article-title":"Discover trending domains using fusion of supervised machine learning with natural language processing","volume-title":"Int. Conf. on Information Fusion","author":"Lakhanpal"},{"key":"ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2016.10.004"},{"key":"ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.48550\/arXiv.1810.04805"},{"key":"ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2020.2999665"},{"key":"ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSTSP.2020.2987728"},{"key":"ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2019.03.019"},{"key":"ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/FUSION45008.2020.9190619"},{"key":"ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2019.06.009"},{"key":"ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MAES.2020.3049030"},{"key":"ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.inffus.2022.11.025"},{"issue":"07597","key":"ref25","article-title":"How close is ChatGPT to human experts? comparison corpus, evaluation, and detection","volume":"2301","author":"Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv preprint"},{"issue":"2301.13852","key":"ref26","article-title":"ChatGPT or human? detect and explain. explaining decisions of machine learning model for detecting short ChatGPT-generated text","author":"Mitrovi\u0107","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv preprint"},{"issue":"06476","key":"ref27","article-title":"Is ChatGPT a general-purpose natural language processing task solver?","volume":"2302","author":"Qin","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv preprint"},{"key":"ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3539618.3591703"},{"issue":"1","key":"ref29","article-title":"Pubmed: the bibliographic database","volume":"2","author":"Canese","year":"2013","journal-title":"The NCBI handbook"},{"issue":"13867","key":"ref30","article-title":"Mathematical capabilities of ChatGPT","volume":"2301","author":"Frieder","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv preprint"},{"key":"ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/APR59189.2023.00012"},{"key":"ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2023.acl-long.347"},{"issue":"abs\/2304.03439","key":"ref33","article-title":"Evaluating the logical reasoning ability of ChatGPT and GPT-4","author":"Liu","year":"2023","journal-title":"arXiv preprint"},{"key":"ref34","article-title":"Roberta: A robustly optimized bert pretraining approach","author":"Liu","year":"2019"},{"key":"ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17083\/ijsg.v5i4.258"},{"key":"ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9780470611876.ch3"}],"event":{"name":"2023 26th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)","location":"Charleston, SC, USA","start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,27]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,30]]}},"container-title":["2023 26th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx7\/10223725\/10224076\/10224086.pdf?arnumber=10224086","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,24]],"date-time":"2024-01-24T01:33:35Z","timestamp":1706060015000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/10224086\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]]},"references-count":36,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23919\/fusion52260.2023.10224086","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,28]]}}}