{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T09:49:01Z","timestamp":1782899341310,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"IEEE","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]],"date-time":"2026-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779580800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-029"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]],"date-time":"2026-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779580800000},"content-version":"stm-asf","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15223\/policy-037"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]]},"DOI":"10.23919\/ifipnetworking70592.2026.11578977","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T21:15:34Z","timestamp":1782854134000},"page":"1-9","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["NanoTG: Automated Fine-Grained Mobile Traffic Generation with LLM GUI Agents"],"prefix":"10.23919","author":[{"given":"Wentao","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Information Engineering"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yujia","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Information Engineering"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baiyang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Information Engineering"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Information Engineering"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingyun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences,Institute of Information Engineering"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"263","reference":[{"key":"ref1","volume-title":"Mobile app download statistics & usage statistics","author":"Biblow","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref2","first-page":"439","article-title":"AppScanner: Automatic fingerprinting of smartphone apps from encrypted network traffic","volume-title":"2016 IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy (EuroS&P)","author":"Taylor"},{"key":"ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GLOCOM.2017.8254059"},{"issue":"2","key":"ref4","first-page":"67","article-title":"CNN for user activity detection using encrypted in-app mobile data","volume":"14","author":"Pathmaperuma"},{"key":"ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3485447.3512217"},{"key":"ref6","first-page":"336","article-title":"Enhancing the performance of mobile traffic identification with communication patterns","volume-title":"2015 IEEE 39th Annual Computer Software and Applications Conference","volume":"2","author":"Mongkolluksamee"},{"key":"ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2906388.2906392"},{"key":"ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3286978.3287000"},{"key":"ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2018.23143","article-title":"Bug fixes, improvements, ... and privacy leaks - a longitudinal study of PII leaks across android app versions","volume-title":"Proceedings 2018 Network and Distributed System Security Symposium","author":"Ren"},{"key":"ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CCCS.2019.8888137"},{"key":"ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/4707909"},{"key":"ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2020.24412","article-title":"FlowPrint: Semi-supervised mobile-app fingerprinting on encrypted network traffic","volume-title":"Proceedings 2020 Network and Distributed System Security Symposium","author":"Van Ede"},{"key":"ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3485832.3485925"},{"key":"ref14","first-page":"1128","article-title":"Online encrypted mobile application traffic classification at the early stage: Challenges, evaluation criteria, comparison methods","volume-title":"2021 IEEE 6th International Conference on Computer and Communication Systems (ICCCS)","author":"Shi"},{"key":"ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-024-06817-5"},{"issue":"4","key":"ref16","first-page":"1501","article-title":"A large-scale mobile traffic dataset for mobile application identification","volume":"67","author":"Zhao"},{"issue":"3","key":"ref17","first-page":"156","article-title":"UTMobileNetTraffic2021: A labeled public network traffic dataset","volume":"3","author":"Heng"},{"key":"ref18","first-page":"240","article-title":"LFETT2021: A large-scale fine-grained encrypted tunnel traffic dataset","volume-title":"2021 IEEE 20th International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications (TrustCom)","author":"Gu"},{"key":"ref19","first-page":"109452","article-title":"Contextual counters and multimodal deep learning for activity-level traffic classification of mobile communication apps during COVID-19 pandemic","volume":"219","author":"Guarino"},{"key":"ref20","first-page":"663","article-title":"Mirage-app\u00d7act-2024: A novel dataset for mobile app and activity traffic analysis","volume-title":"2024 20th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob)","author":"Guarino"},{"key":"ref21","article-title":"Redefining website fingerprinting attacks with multiagent LLMs","author":"Song"},{"key":"ref22","first-page":"1825","article-title":"SoK: Decoding the enigma of encrypted network traffic classifiers","volume-title":"2025 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP)","author":"Wickramasinghe"},{"key":"ref23","first-page":"1","article-title":"ActiveTracker: Uncovering the trajectory of app activities over encrypted internet traffic streams","volume-title":"2019 16th Annual IEEE International Conference on Sensing, Communication, and Networking (SECON)","author":"Li"},{"key":"ref24","article-title":"UI\/application exerciser monkey | android studio"},{"key":"ref25","first-page":"23","article-title":"DroidBot: a lightweight UI-guided test input generator for android","volume-title":"2017 IEEE\/ACM 39th International Conference on Software Engineering Companion (ICSE-C)","author":"Li"},{"key":"ref26","first-page":"1070","article-title":"Humanoid: A deep learning-based approach to automated black-box android app testing","volume-title":"2019 34th IEEE\/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering (ASE)","author":"Li"},{"key":"ref27","first-page":"129","article-title":"Intent-driven mobile GUI testing with autonomous large language model agents","volume-title":"2024 IEEE Conference on Software Testing, Verification and Validation (ICST)","author":"Yoon"},{"key":"ref28","article-title":"NanoTG: Source Code","author":"Wang","year":"2025"},{"key":"ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","article-title":"Mobile-agent-v2: Mobile device operation assistant with effective navigation via multi-agent collaboration","author":"Wang","DOI":"10.52202\/079017-0088"},{"key":"ref30","article-title":"PaddleOCR-VL: Boosting multilingual document parsing via a 0.9b ultra-compact vision-language model","author":"Cui"},{"key":"ref31","article-title":"emanuele-f\/PCAPdroid","author":"Faranda"},{"key":"ref32","article-title":"AndroidWorld: A dynamic benchmarking environment for autonomous agents","author":"Rawles"}],"event":{"name":"2026 IFIP Networking Conference (IFIP Networking)","location":"Lugano, Switzerland","start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]]},"end":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]]}},"container-title":["2026 IFIP Networking Conference (IFIP Networking)"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/xplorestaging.ieee.org\/ielx8\/11578949\/11578438\/11578977.pdf?arnumber=11578977","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T09:16:29Z","timestamp":1782897389000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ieeexplore.ieee.org\/document\/11578977\/"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]]},"references-count":32,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.23919\/ifipnetworking70592.2026.11578977","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,24]]}}}