{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T23:03:37Z","timestamp":1776121417687,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1747958400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004366","name":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004366","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["ophrp.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["PHRP"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: This study investigated the relationship between metabolic factors (blood lipids and glucose) and inflammatory indicators (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-\u03b1] and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP]), disease activity, and the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) risk.Methods: Serum fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lipid profiles\u2014including total cholesterol (Chol), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein\u2014were measured in 100 RA patients and 100 healthy individuals. Disease severity was assessed using the disease activity score 28. Inflammatory indicators (TNF-\u03b1 and hs-CRP) were measured using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method.Results: In RA patients, serum FBG, TG, Chol\/HDL, and TG\/HDL were significantly elevated, whereas HDL levels reduced compared to healthy individuals. Multivariate analysis indicated that each unit increase in serum FBG, HDL, Chol\/HDL, and TG\/HDL was associated with a 64% increase (p&lt;0.001), a 7% reduction (p=0.001), a 52% increase (p=0.007), and a 54% increase (p=0.001) in the odds of RA, respectively. Disease activity showed no correlation with metabolic factors (p&gt;0.05). Among all metabolic factors studied, FBG had the largest area under the curve (0.981) (p&lt;0.0001) for predicting RA. Across the total participant group, FBG, TG, and TG\/HDL were positively associated with hs-CRP and TNF-\u03b1 (p&lt;0.05). HDL showed an inverse association with hs-CRP (p=0.008). Among RA patients specifically, TNF-\u03b1 positively correlated with TG and TG\/HDL, while hs-CRP correlated only with TG\/HDL.Conclusion: These findings indicate that increased FBG and Chol\/HDL and decreased HDL may elevate RA risk by promoting systemic inflammation. Among these, elevated FBG may serve as the strongest predictor of RA risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.24171\/j.phrp.2025.0036","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T05:24:52Z","timestamp":1747977892000},"page":"252-260","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24171\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Metabolic and systemic inflammation status in rheumatoid arthritis\u2014fasting blood glucose as a primary predictor of rheumatoid arthritis risk: a cross-sectional study in 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