{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T14:42:17Z","timestamp":1765896137000,"version":"3.48.0"},"reference-count":1,"publisher":"Polish Academy of Sciences Chancellery","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study presents, for the first time, a histomorphological analysis of the lumbar sympathetic chain ganglia (LSChG) during prenatal development in 5-, 7-, and 10-week-old female porcine foetuses. Single immunohistochemical staining for protein gene product 9.5 (PGP) as a neural marker revealed progressive growth and differentiation of ganglia and neurons. In 5-week-old foetuses, ganglia were small paired structures composed of oval neurons with large nuclei. By seven weeks, both ganglia and neurons increased in size and adopted a more rounded morphology. At 10 weeks, ganglia showed marked enlargement and morphological diversity, with neurons varying in shape and size. These findings indicate functional maturation of the sympathetic chain ganglia, relevant to autonomic innervation of abdominal and pelvic viscera, and may support early diagnosis of neurodevelopmental disorders and improvements in prenatal veterinary care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.24425\/pjvs.2025.157283","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T14:19:54Z","timestamp":1765894794000},"page":"679-679","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Histomorphological changes in lumbar sympathetic chain ganglia of the female pig during prenatal development"],"prefix":"10.24425","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Franke-Radowiecka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 13, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Bossowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Warszawska 30, 10-082 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"37468","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref0","unstructured":"Dudek A, Sienkiewicz W, Lepiarczyk E, Kaleczyc J (2024) Immunohistochemical properties of motoneurons supplying the porcine trapezius muscle. Pol J Vet Sci 27: 75-84. Evans HE, Sack WO (1973) Prenatal development of domestic and laboratory mammals: growth curves, external features and selected references. Zentralbl Veterinarmed C 2: 11-45. Franke-Radowiecka A (2020) Paracervical ganglion in the female pig during prenatal development: morphology and immunohistochemical characteristics. Histol Histopathol 35: 1363-1377. Franke-Radowiecka A, Demus NV, Bossowska A (2024) Innervation of the female internal genital organs in 12-week-old porcine foetuses. Pol J Vet Sci 27: 645-649. Franke-Radowiecka A, Prozorowska E, Zalecki M, Jackowiak H, Kaleczyc J (2019) Innervation of internal female genital organs in the pig during prenatal development. J Anat 235: 1007-1017. Kruepunga N, Hikspoors JP, H\u00fclsman CJ, Mommen GM, K\u00f6hler SE, Lamers WH (2021) Development of the sympathetic trunk in human embryos. J Anat 239: 32-45. Patten BM (1948) Embryology of the pig, 3rd ed., Home Farm Books Publication. Pejsak Z, Ka\u017amierczak P, Butkiewicz AF, Wojciechowski J, Wo\u017aniakowski G (2023) Alternatives to zinc oxide in pig production. Pol J Vet Sci 26: 319-330. Pospieszny N, Bru\u017cewicz S (1998) Morphology and development of the post-diaphragmatic part of the sympathetic trunk in the pig (Sus scrofa L.) during its prenatal period. Ann Anat 180: 261-267. Young HM, Cane KN, Anderson CR (2011) Development of the autonomic nervous system: A comparative view. Auton Neurosci 165: 10-27."}],"container-title":["Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"pl","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.pan.pl\/Content\/137626\/PDF\/19%20_%20Franke-Radowiecka%20_%20Short.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,16]],"date-time":"2025-12-16T14:28:53Z","timestamp":1765895333000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.pan.pl\/dlibra\/publication\/157283\/edition\/137626\/content"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]},"references-count":1,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24425\/pjvs.2025.157283","relation":{},"ISSN":["1505-1773"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1505-1773"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]]}}}