{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T02:45:40Z","timestamp":1769309140545,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objectives<\/jats:bold>\u2014To evaluate renal function in healthy dogs\nundergoing general anesthesia and ovariohysterectomy\nwithout concurrent IV administration of fluids.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201435 healthy client-owned dogs.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Dogs were medicated with promazine\nhydrochloride (0.05 mg\/kg of body weight, SC)\napproximately 45 minutes before induction of anesthesia\nwith thiopental sodium (10 to 15 mg\/kg, IV).\nAnesthesia was maintained with 2% halothane in\noxygen. Ovariohysterectomies were performed by\nsenior veterinary students under the direct supervision\nof a veterinary surgeon. Renal function was\nassessed (serum urea and creatinine concentrations,\nfractional clearance of sodium, urine alkaline phosphatase\n[ALP] and \u03b3-glutamyltransferase [GGT] activities,\nurine specific gravity, and enumeration of renal\ntubular epithelial cells in urine sediment) prior to and\n24 and 48 hours after surgery.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Duration of general anesthesia ranged from\n80 to 310 minutes. Urine specific gravity and ALP activity\nand serum urea and creatinine concentrations did\nnot change over time. Fractional clearance of sodium\ndecreased 24 and 48 hours after surgery, whereas\nurine GGT activity and the ratio of urine GGT activity to\nurine creatinine concentration increased 24 hours after\nsurgery, compared with presurgery values. Renal tubular\nepithelial cells increased in number in urine sediment\nfrom 11 of 35 (31.4%) dogs and 5 of 35 (14.3%)\ndogs 24 and 48 hours after surgery, respectively.\nHowever, this increase was not clinically relevant.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Intravenous\nadministration of fluids to healthy dogs undergoing\ngeneral anesthesia and elective surgery may not be\nnecessary for maintenance of renal homeostasis.\n(<jats:italic>Am J Vet Res<\/jats:italic> 2000;61:121\u2013124)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2000.61.121","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,6]],"date-time":"2005-12-06T17:11:51Z","timestamp":1133889111000},"page":"121-124","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Effects of general anesthesia and surgery on renal function in healthy dogs"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Remo","family":"Lobetti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicolaas","family":"Lambrechts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"p_1","first-page":"260","author":"Muir WW","year":"1995","journal-title":"St Louis: Mosby Year Book Inc"},{"key":"p_2","first-page":"2574","volume":"45","author":"Steffey EP","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"p_3","first-page":"417","author":"Monroe WE","year":"1993","journal-title":"Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co"},{"key":"p_4","first-page":"1384","author":"Brown SA","year":"1993","journal-title":"Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co"},{"key":"p_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2013","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1996.208.12.2013","volume":"208","author":"Gaynor JS","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"p_6","first-page":"1144","author":"Anderson RJ","year":"1991","journal-title":"New York: McGraw Hill Book Co"},{"key":"p_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"537","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1996.208.04.537","volume":"208","author":"Behrend EN","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"p_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"873","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-7125(16)30523-5","volume":"74","author":"Finn WF","year":"1990","journal-title":"Med Clin North Am"},{"key":"p_9","first-page":"1963","author":"Polzin D","year":"1989","journal-title":"Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co"},{"key":"p_10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(86)90675-3"},{"key":"p_11","first-page":"441","author":"Grauer GF","year":"1995","journal-title":"Baltimore: Lea & Febiger"},{"key":"p_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"829","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/18.8.829","volume":"18","author":"Tiffany TO","year":"1972","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"p_14","first-page":"1023","volume":"26","author":"Tietz W","year":"1980","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"p_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2051","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/22.12.2051","volume":"22","author":"Szasz G","year":"1976","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"p_17","first-page":"1675","volume":"42","author":"Stone EA","year":"1981","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"p_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"314","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplegacy.1946.145.3.314","volume":"145","author":"Phillips RA","year":"1946","journal-title":"Am J Physiol"},{"key":"p_19","first-page":"2025","volume":"41","author":"Fleming JT","year":"1980","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"p_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.5326\/15473317-32-4-323","volume":"32","author":"Rivers BJ","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Am Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"p_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1093\/clinchem\/32.3.529","volume":"32","author":"Jung K","year":"1986","journal-title":"Clin Chem"},{"key":"p_22","first-page":"529","volume":"24","author":"Obatomi DK","year":"1996","journal-title":"Med Sci Res"},{"key":"p_23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1984.143"},{"key":"p_24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0026-0495(85)90145-3"},{"key":"p_25","first-page":"211","author":"Guyton AC","year":"1991","journal-title":"Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co"},{"key":"p_26","first-page":"2267","author":"Mason DE","year":"1993","journal-title":"Philadelphia: WB Saunders Co"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/ajvr\/61\/2\/ajvr.2000.61.121.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ajvr\/61\/2\/ajvr.2000.61.121.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ajvr\/61\/2\/ajvr.2000.61.121.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T12:43:53Z","timestamp":1741351433000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/ajvr\/61\/2\/ajvr.2000.61.121.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,2,1]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/ajvr.2000.61.121","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9645","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,2,1]]}}}