{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T15:21:21Z","timestamp":1770218481962,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To compare concentrations of trace minerals\nin the spinal cord of horses with equine motor\nneuron disease (EMND) with those of horses without\nneurologic disease (control horses).<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201424 horses with EMND and 22 control horses.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Spinal cord trace mineral concentrations\nin horses with EMND and control horses were analyzed\nby use of inductively coupled plasma atomic\nemission spectroscopy (calcium, phosphorus, sodium,\npotassium, magnesium, copper, iron, manganese,\nnickel, zinc, aluminum, cobalt, and chromium),\natomic absorption spectrophotometry (lead and\ncadmium), flameless atomic absorption (mercury),\nand fluorometry (selenium).<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Copper concentration was significantly higher\nin the spinal cord of horses with EMND, compared\nwith control horses; spinal cord concentrations of all\nother trace minerals were similar between groups.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusion and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Among spinal\ncord trace minerals investigated in the study, only\ncopper concentrations were significantly different\nbetween horses with EMND and horses without neurologic\ndisease, which suggests that copper may be\ninvolved in the pathogenesis of EMND. An hypothesis\nof oxidative injury in this disease is supported by\nthe finding of increased copper concentrations in the\nspinal cord and by low vitamin E concentrations\nreported by other researchers. 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