{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T16:20:41Z","timestamp":1762100441404,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To determine whether repetitive\nsequence-based polymerase chain reaction (rep-PCR)\ncould be used to differentiate <jats:italic>Streptococcus equi<\/jats:italic> isolates,\nto examine <jats:italic>S equi<\/jats:italic> isolates from throughout the\nworld, and to determine whether a horse had &gt; 1 subtype\nof <jats:italic>S equi<\/jats:italic> during an outbreak of disease.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Sample Population<\/jats:bold>\u2014An initial group of 32\n<jats:italic>S equi<\/jats:italic> isolates, 63 <jats:italic>S equi<\/jats:italic> isolates from various geographic\nareas, and 17 <jats:italic>S equi<\/jats:italic> isolates obtained during\noutbreaks of disease.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014An aliquot of <jats:italic>S equi<\/jats:italic> genomic DNA was\namplified, using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic\nconsensus primers. Gel electrophoresis was performed\non 1.5% agarose gels, and a computed-assisted\nprogram was used to compare rep-PCR results.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Use of these primers to analyze 100 ng of\n<jats:italic>S equi<\/jats:italic> genomic DNA resulted in patterns of 6 to 14\nbands. The 32 initial isolates were separated into 7 rep-\nPCR subtypes. There were 30 rep-PCR subtypes found\namong 29 <jats:italic>S equi<\/jats:italic> isolates obtained from Minnesota,\nMichigan, Canada, and Australia and 34 <jats:italic>S equi<\/jats:italic> isolates\nobtained from Kentucky and other sources.\nFurthermore, the same clone was identified in several\nhorses during an outbreak of disease. Infected horses\non the same farm all had a single clone of <jats:italic>S equi<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusion and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Analysis of\nthese results suggests that rep-PCR is useful for\ndelineating <jats:italic>S equi<\/jats:italic> into rep-PCR subtypes. Results\nrevealed that isolates with the same geographic\nsource or similar date of collection did not always\nhave the same rep-PCR subtype. A single clone of\n<jats:italic>S equi<\/jats:italic> usually predominated during an outbreak of\ndisease. 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