{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,7]],"date-time":"2026-02-07T02:20:07Z","timestamp":1770430807785,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To determine the efficacy of difloxacin, a\nnovel fluoroquinolone antibiotic, in calves experimentally\ninfected with <jats:italic>Mannheimia haemolytica<\/jats:italic> (formerly\n<jats:italic>Pasteurella haemolytica<\/jats:italic>).<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>Animals\u2014Seventy-two 3-month-old Holstein calves.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedures<\/jats:bold>\u2014Calves were inoculated with\n<jats:italic>M haemolytica<\/jats:italic> intratracheally; after they developed\nclinical signs of pneumonic pasteurellosis, they were\nrandomly assigned to 1 of 6 groups (n = 12\/group).\nCalves in each group were treated with 10%\ndifloxacin (2.5 or 5 mg\/kg of body weight), 5%\ndifloxacin (2.5 or 5 mg\/kg), enrofloxacin (5 mg\/kg), or\nsaline (0.9% NaCl) solution (control group), once daily\nfor 5 days, and clinical signs were scored daily. On\nday 15, calves were euthanatized, and the percentage\nof diseased lung tissue was calculated. Swab specimens\nof the lungs were submitted for bacterial culture.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Mortality rate and percentage of diseased\nlung tissue were significantly higher and cure rate and\naverage daily gain were significantly lower for control\ncalves, compared with calves in the treatment groups;\nhowever, no significant differences were found\namong treatment groups. <jats:italic>Mannheimia haemolytica<\/jats:italic> was isolated from the lungs of 10 control calves and\nfrom at least 2 calves in each of the treatment groups.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Results suggest\nthat difloxacin and enrofloxacin were equally\neffective for treatment of calves with experimentally\ninduced pneumonic pasteurellosis. However, treatment\nof infected calves with difloxacin or enrofloxacin\nmay not eliminate the organism. (<jats:italic>Am J Vet Res<\/jats:italic> 2000;61:710\u2013713)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2000.61.710","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,6]],"date-time":"2005-12-06T17:06:20Z","timestamp":1133888780000},"page":"710-713","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Efficacy of difloxacin in calves experimentally infected with Mannheimia haemolytica"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Timothy W. J.","family":"Olchowy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Terry N.","family":"TerHune","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert L.","family":"Herrick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"p_1_1","first-page":"573","volume":"31","author":"Thorlakson B","year":"1990","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"p_2_2","first-page":"233","volume":"15","author":"Lillie LE","year":"1974","journal-title":"Can Vet J"},{"key":"p_3_3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-1135(96)00055-7"},{"key":"p_4_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"875","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1995.56.07.875","volume":"56","author":"Morton RJ","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"p_5_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1317","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1995.56.10.1317","volume":"56","author":"Mosier DA","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"p_6_6","unstructured":"Weekley LB, Veit HP, Eyre P. 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