{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,13]],"date-time":"2026-06-13T18:27:04Z","timestamp":1781375224701,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"7","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To determine the effects of moderate\nfeed restriction, single or twin pregnancy, and subclinical\npregnancy toxemia (PT) on immune responses\nof ewes.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201416 Sardinian ewes.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Six weeks before lambing, ewes were\nassigned to 1 of 2 groups (n = 8\/group) matched for\nnumber of fetuses, body condition score, and plasma\nglucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), and \u03b2-\nhydroxybutyrate (BHBA) concentrations, and feed\nintake was restricted for 1 of the groups. Cell-mediated\nimmunity was evaluated in vivo and in vitro.\nHumoral immunity was evaluated in vivo by determining\nproduction of IgG antibodies against keyhole\nlimpet hemocyanin (KLH).<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Four ewes developed subclinical PT (plasma\nBHBA concentration &gt; 0.86 mmol\/L without any\nclinical signs of disease). Whether feed was restricted\nand type of pregnancy (single vs twin) did not have\nany significant effects on cell-mediated and humoral\nimmune responses. Ewes with subclinical PT had significantly\nlower in vitro proliferation of phytohemagglutinin-\nstimulated peripheral blood mononuclear\ncells and significantly lower values for KLH-specific\nIgG than did healthy ewes. Plasma BHBA and NEFA\nconcentrations were negatively correlated with in\nvitro proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear\ncells; plasma NEFA concentration was negatively correlated\nwith values for KLH-specific IgG.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Results suggest\nthat subclinical PT may be associated with impairments\nin cell-mediated and humoral immune responses\nin sheep. <jats:italic>Am J Vet Res<\/jats:italic> 2001;62:1020\u20131024)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2001.62.1020","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,6]],"date-time":"2005-12-06T17:27:58Z","timestamp":1133890078000},"page":"1020-1024","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Effects of subclinical pregnancy toxemia on immune responses in sheep"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Nicola","family":"Lacetera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Umberto","family":"Bernabucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Ronchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Nardone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"p_1_151","unstructured":"Schafer M. 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