{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T17:11:41Z","timestamp":1787505101469,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014To determine effects of incremental radial\nshortening and subsequent ulnar ostectomies on joint\nsurface contact patterns in a canine elbow joint model.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Sample Population<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Paired forelimbs from 9 adult\ndogs.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Joint casting was performed by placement\nof colored polymethylmethacrylate in the elbow\njoint cavity and loading in a materials testing system\nat physiologic angle and load. Joint casting was performed\nin unaltered specimens, after radial shortening,\nand after subsequent distal ulnar ostectomy,\nproximal ulnar ostectomy, and proximal ulnar ostectomy\nwith intramedullary pinning. Computer-aided\nanalysis of photographs of proximal radial and ulnar\narticular surfaces without joint casts was performed\nbefore and after each casting procedure.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014All increments of radial shortening changed\nthe size and location of radial and ulnar contact areas.\nThe radial contact area became smaller, the anconeal\ncontact area disappeared, the medial coronoid contact\narea migrated craniolaterally, and the lateral projection\nof the coronoid process became a contact area. A proximal\nulnar ostectomy stabilized with an intramedullary\npin restored normal contact area size and location and\nrestored continuity of the radial and coronoid contact\nareas across the radioulnar articulation in 6 of 10 specimens.\nA midshaft ulnar ostectomy, distal to the level of\nthe radioulnar ligament, had no effect on contact patterns.\nA proximal ulnar ostectomy without stabilization\nresulted in varus deformity during loading.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Proximal radial\nshortening, which creates articular step incongruity,\nchanges the location and size of the radioulnar contact\nareas. Dynamically stabilized ulnar ostectomies\nproximal to the radioulnar ligament restore contact\npatterns in vitro . (\n                    <jats:italic>Am J Vet Res<\/jats:italic>\n                    2001;62:1548\u20131556)\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2001.62.1548","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,7]],"date-time":"2005-12-07T06:39:46Z","timestamp":1133937586000},"page":"1548-1556","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":58,"title":["In vitro experimental study of the effect of radial shortening and ulnar ostectomy on contact patterns in the elbow joint of dogs"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Chris A.","family":"Preston","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kurt S.","family":"Schulz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ken T.","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Philip H.","family":"Kass","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine E.","family":"Hagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sue M.","family":"Stover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"p_1_167","first-page":"725","volume":"22","author":"Wind AP","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"p_2_168","first-page":"711","volume":"22","author":"Wind AP","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"p_3_169","unstructured":"Morgan JP, Wind AP, Davidson AP. 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