{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,23]],"date-time":"2026-01-23T10:24:37Z","timestamp":1769163877944,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"10","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To evaluate the effect of homologous\namniotic fluid and meconium inoculated intratracheally\ninto the lungs of neonatal rats.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u2014153 male 7-day-old Fischer-344 rats.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Amniotic fluid was obtained by cesarean\nsection from the uterus of pregnant rats and meconium\nwas collected at the time of birth from the gastrointestinal\ntract of neonatal rats. Neonatal rats were\nrandomly allocated into 5 treatment groups. Two\ngroups received 0.05 ml of saline (0.9% NaCl) solution;\nthe third and fourth groups received 0.05 ml of\n50% or 100% amniotic fluid, respectively; the fifth\ngroup was inoculated with 0.05 ml of a 20% suspension\nof meconium. Six or 7 rat pups\/group were\neuthanatized by exsanguination under halothane\nanesthesia at postinoculation days 1, 3, 7, and 14. The\nmagnitude of injury and inflammatory response was\ndetermined by biochemical and cytologic analyses of\nbronchoalveolar lavage fluid.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Inoculation with saline solution and amniotic\nfluid did not induce pulmonary injury or inflammatory\nresponse. Inoculation with meconium induced\nsignificant ( P &lt; 0.01) injury and inflammatory\nresponse, characterized by the release of cytosolic\nenzymes and recruitment of neutrophils in the lung.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusion and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Saline solution is an innocuous vehicle\nthat can be safely used in intratracheal inoculations in\nneonatal rats. Homologous amniotic fluid, despite\ncontaining keratin and epidermal cells, does not\ncause acute injury or inflammation in the lung. In contrast,\nmeconium acts as a toxic substance injuring\nrespiratory cells and causing a vigorous but transient\nleukocytic inflammatory reaction in the lungs. 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