{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T12:57:28Z","timestamp":1791205048983,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"3","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To characterize effects of intranasal inoculation\nof virulent <jats:italic>Brucella melitensis<\/jats:italic> strain 16M in\nmice.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u2014Female Balb\/c mice, 6 to 8 weeks old.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Studies were designed to elucidate\ngross morphologic lesions, bacterial burden in target\norgans, and histologic changes in tissues following\nexperimental intranasal inoculation of mice with <jats:italic>B\nmelitensis<\/jats:italic> 16M, which could be used to characterize\na model for testing vaccine efficacy.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Measurable splenomegaly was evident at 3\nand 7 weeks after inoculation. A demonstrable\nincrease in splenic colony-forming units (CFU) from\ninfected mice increased over time with increasing\ndose when comparing inocula of 10<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>, 10<jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>, and 10<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\nCFU. Recovery of brucellae from the lungs was possible\nearly in infection with 10<jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup>, 10<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>, and 10<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup> CFU, but\nonly the group inoculated with 10<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup> CFU consistently\nyielded quantifiable bacteria. At a dose of 10<jats:sup>1<\/jats:sup> CFU,\nfew organisms were located in the spleen. Bacteria\nwere recovered up to 140 days after inoculation in\nmice given 10<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> CFU. At an inoculum of 10<jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup> CFU, bacterial\ncounts were highest early in infection.\nHistologic examination of tissues revealed an\nincrease in white pulp and marginal zone in the\nspleen and lymphohistiocytic hepatitis.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusion and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Changes in the\nspleen and liver increased with increases in dose and\nwith increased time following intranasal inoculation\nwith <jats:italic>B melitensis<\/jats:italic> 16M. Surprisingly, histologic\nchanges were not observed in the lungs of inoculated\nmice. 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