{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T22:12:22Z","timestamp":1767046342818,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"4","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To evaluate the effect of various environmental\ntemperatures (ET) on the ability of neonatal\npigs to cope with an endotoxin challenge.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201428 crossbred male pigs that were 24 hours\nold.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014At 24 hours of age, pigs were placed in\nenvironmentally controlled chambers maintained at\n18 or 34 C (14 pigs\/ET). Rectal temperatures (RT)\nwere recorded at 15-minute intervals for 3 hours following\nan IP injection of 0.9% NaCl (7 control pigs\/ET)\nor lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 150 \u00b5g\/kg of body weight;\n7 LPS-treated pigs\/ET). Tissue specimens and blood\nsamples were collected following the 3-hour challenge\nperiod.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014LPS-treated pigs exposed to 18 C had a\nperiod of hypothermia whereas RT for LPS-treated\npigs at 34 C did not differ from control pigs. The LPS-treated\npigs maintained at 18 C lost the most body\nweight during the 3-hour period and also had the\ngreatest increase in serum cortisol concentration.\nSerum prolactin (PRL) concentration was decreased\nin pigs at 18 C, compared with pigs at 34 C. Challenge\nwith LPS resulted in an increase in serum PRL concentration\nat 18 C but had no effect on serum PRL at\n34 C. Challenge with LPS resulted in an increase in\nexpression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-\n1 beta, and interleukin-6 receptor mRNA in the hypothalamus.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusion and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Exposure to a\ncold ET can inhibit the ability of neonatal pigs to cope\nwith an exogenous endotoxin challenge. When combined,\ncold stress and exposure to exogenous endotoxin\ninduces a rapid and potentially dangerous loss of\nbody temperature in neonatal pigs. 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