{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T20:59:19Z","timestamp":1789592359799,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objectives<\/jats:bold>\u2014To describe clinical and laboratory findings\nassociated with cats experimentally infected by\ninoculation with the 2 recognized genotypes of\n<jats:italic>Hemobartonella felis<\/jats:italic> (small variant, Hfsm; large variant,\nHflg) and to determine the response of cats to\ntreatment with azithromycin.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201418 young adult domestic shorthair cats of\nboth sexes.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedures<\/jats:bold>\u2014Cats were inoculated with <jats:italic>H felis<\/jats:italic> and\nmonitored weekly, using CBC counts and a polymerase\nchain reaction (PCR) designed to detect both\ngenetic variants of <jats:italic>H felis<\/jats:italic>. Beginning 26 days after\ninoculation, 11 cats were administered azithromycin\n(15 mg\/kg of body weight, PO, q 12 h, for 7 days).<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Inoculation resulted in coinfection with Hflg\nand Hfsm, and both variants were detected by PCR.\nClinical abnormalities and anemia were most severe in\nHflg- and dual-infected cats. Results of PCR and CBC\nwere positive for <jats:italic>H felis<\/jats:italic> in 112\/112 (100%) and 42\/112\n(37.5%), respectively, samples collected after inoculation.\nAdministration of azithromycin had little effect on\nclinical variables, including anemia. All cats, regardless\nof treatment with azithromycin, had positive results for\nthe PCR at the end of the study period.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014In these cats,\nHflg was more pathogenic than Hfsm, and coinfection\nwith both variants was detected. Results of the PCR\nwere superior to results of CBC for detecting infection\nwith <jats:italic>H felis<\/jats:italic>. Azithromycin administered at the\ndose and duration reported here was not efficacious\nfor the treatment of cats with hemobartonellosis. ( <jats:italic>Am\nJ Vet Res<\/jats:italic> 2000;62:687\u2013691)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2001.62.687","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,6]],"date-time":"2005-12-06T17:28:14Z","timestamp":1133890094000},"page":"687-691","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":95,"title":["Inoculation of two genotypes of Hemobartonella felis (California and Ohio variants) to induce infection in cats and the response to treatment with azithromycin"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Donald S.","family":"Westfall","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wayne A.","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William J.","family":"Reagan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven V.","family":"Radecki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael R.","family":"Lappin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"p_1_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.35.4.823-829.1997","volume":"35","author":"Rikihisa Y","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"p_2_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1581","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1998.59.12.1581","volume":"59","author":"Foley JE","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"p_3_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.2.462-466.1998","volume":"36","author":"Messick JB","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"p_4_165","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2001.62.604"},{"key":"p_5_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1215","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1998.59.10.1215","volume":"59","author":"Berent LM","year":"1998","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"p_6_167","first-page":"535","volume":"15","author":"VanSteenhouse JL","year":"1993","journal-title":"Compend Contin Educ Pract Vet"},{"key":"p_7_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.122.2.32","volume":"122","author":"Bobade PA","year":"1988","journal-title":"Vet Rec"},{"key":"p_8_169","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"790","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.38.4.790","volume":"38","author":"Ishida K","year":"1994","journal-title":"Antimicrob Agents Chemother"},{"key":"p_9_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199651030-00013","volume":"51","author":"Dunn CJ","year":"1996","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"p_10_171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00006454-199703001-00009"},{"key":"p_11_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2885.1995.tb00549.x","volume":"18","author":"Hunter RP","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Vet Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"p_12_173","first-page":"28","volume":"13","author":"Harvey JW","year":"1977","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/ajvr\/62\/5\/ajvr.2001.62.687.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ajvr\/62\/5\/ajvr.2001.62.687.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ajvr\/62\/5\/ajvr.2001.62.687.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T12:54:05Z","timestamp":1741352045000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/ajvr\/62\/5\/ajvr.2001.62.687.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,1]]},"references-count":12,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/ajvr.2001.62.687","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9645"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0002-9645","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,1]]}}}