{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T03:53:22Z","timestamp":1787025202983,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014To study expression of interleukin-1beta\n(IL-1\u03b2) in the digital laminae of horses in the prodromal\nstage of experimentally induced laminitis.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u20148 healthy adult horses with no signs of\nlaminitis.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Black walnut extract was administered\nvia nasogastric tube to 4 horses, and water was\nadministered to the remaining 4 (controls). Complete\nblood counts and physical examinations were performed\nevery 30 minutes after administration of black\nwalnut extract or water. General anesthesia was\ninduced when total WBC count decreased by 30% in\nhorses given the black walnut extract and 3 hours\nafter water administration in control horses. The left\nforefoot was perfusion fixed with neutral-buffered\n10% formalin, and paraffin-embedded sections of the\ndigit were used for in situ hybridization with an\nequine-specific IL-1\u03b2 probe.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014IL-1\u03b2 mRNA expression was observed in\nperivascular cells of the small laminar venules and\ncapillaries in all 4 horses given black walnut extract\nand in interstitial cells remote from the microvasculature\nin 1 of the 4. Other cellular components of the\nlaminar tissue and cellular components of the digital\narterioles and veins did not exhibit IL-1\u03b2 mRNA\nexpression. Expression of IL-1\u03b2 mRNA was not\ndetected in laminae from control horses.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\n                    \u2014Results suggest\nthat IL-1\u03b2 mRNA is expressed by perivascular\ncells in the laminar tissues of horses in the prodromal\nstage of experimentally induced laminitis. This provides\nevidence of an inflammatory process during the\nprodromal stage of laminitis, indicating that local digital\nproinflammatory cytokine expression may be an\ninitiating factor in laminitis.(\n                    <jats:italic>Am J Vet Res<\/jats:italic>\n                    2001;62:\n714\u2013720)\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2001.62.714","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,6]],"date-time":"2005-12-06T12:28:14Z","timestamp":1133872094000},"page":"714-720","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":83,"title":["Expression of interleukin-1\u03b2 in the digital laminae of horses in the prodromal stage of experimentally induced laminitis"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"62","author":[{"given":"Genevieve L.","family":"Fontaine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"James 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