{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T11:47:27Z","timestamp":1784980047956,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"6","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,6,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To estimate genetic population variables\nfor 6 radiographic criteria of canine hip dysplasia\n(CHD).<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u2014664 full- and half-siblings from a colony of\nLabrador Retrievers.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Heritability estimates and genetic correlations\nwere calculated for 6 radiographic criteria of\nCHD. Two evaluation protocols were compared: the\ngrade of the most severely affected hip joint and the\nsum of the scores for both hip joints. The predictive\nperformance of estimated breeding values was also\nevaluated.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014The overall prevalence of CHD (F\u00e9d\u00e9ration\nCynologique Internationale grades C, D, and E) was\n29.6%. Median age at radiographic examination was\n377 days. Heritability for the total CHD grade,\nNorberg angle (NA), coverage of the femoral head\n(COV), craniodorsal acetabular rim (ACR), subchondral\nbone sclerosis (SUBCH), shape of the femoral head\nand neck (FHN), and osteoarthritic changes at the\ninsertion site of the joint capsule (JC) was estimated\nas follows: 0.44, 0.43, 0.46, 0.37, 0.32, 0.21, and\n0.05, respectively. Heritability estimates were slightly\nhigher for the sum of the scores for both hip joints. If\nNA and COV were included as fixed effects in the\nmodel for the dependent variables ACR, SUBCH,\nFHN, and JC , then heritability of these traits significantly\ndecreased (0.08 to 0.15). High scores of NA\nand COV lead to a significant increase of the scores\nof the remaining criteria.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Canine hip\ndysplasia is heritable to a moderate degree. Signs of\nsubluxation revealed the highest heritability estimates.\nThe criteria ACR, SUBCH, FHN, and JC were\nstrongly influenced by NA and COV. 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