{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T13:11:58Z","timestamp":1741353118290,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To evaluate the efficacy of an orally\nadministered vaccine of <jats:italic>Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae<\/jats:italic> that\nwas prepared by spray drying or solvent evaporation.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u2014Thirty 6-week-old, crossbred, specificpathogen-\nfree (SPF) pigs.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Pigs were randomly allocated into 5\ngroups and housed in an SPF facility. Pigs in 2 groups\n(groups AQ and CAP) were fed <jats:italic>M hyopneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\nenteric-coated vaccine on days 0, 10, and 20. A third\ngroup (group IM) received an IM injection of <jats:italic>M hyopneumoniae<\/jats:italic> vaccine with aluminium hydroxide as an\nadjuvant on days 0, 10, and 20. The last 2 groups (nonvaccinated-\nchallenged [NV-C] and nonchallenged [NC])\nwere fed a sham treatment. All 24 pigs in groups AQ,\nCAP, IM, and NV-C were challenge exposed with 5 ml\nof a 10% pneumonic lung suspension administered on\nday 40 via intubation of the trachea. All pigs were\nslaughtered and the lungs removed and examined for\nlesions on day 68.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014In vitro studies indicated that these 2\nmicroencapsulation techniques formed an effective\nshell and protected mycoplasmal antigen from gastric\nacid. Results of inoculation and challenge tests\nindicated that microencapsulated <jats:italic>M hyopneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\nwere sufficiently potent to induce an immune\nresponse and provide good protection.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Orally\nadministered microencapsulated <jats:italic>M hyopneumoniae<\/jats:italic>\nvaccines induced an immune response and\nreduced the severity of lung lesions in challengeexposed\npigs. Results suggest that this novel\nmethod can be applied to other antigens, because\nthe spray-drying process yielded an orally administered\n<jats:italic>M hyopneumoniae<\/jats:italic> vaccine that induced a\ngood immune response. (<jats:italic>Am J Vet Res<\/jats:italic> 2002;\n63:1118\u20131123)<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2002.63.1118","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,21]],"date-time":"2005-12-21T14:53:55Z","timestamp":1135176835000},"page":"1118-1123","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["In vivo and in vitro comparisons of spray-drying and solvent-evaporation preparation of microencapsulated Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae for use as an orally administered vaccine for pigs"],"prefix":"10.2460","volume":"63","author":[{"given":"J. H.","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. J.","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. W.","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C. N.","family":"Weng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1272","reference":[{"key":"p_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1994.204.01.102","volume":"204","author":"Amass SF","year":"1994","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"p_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(00)00077-3"},{"key":"p_3","first-page":"213","volume":"65","author":"Stipkovits L","year":"2001","journal-title":"Can J Vet Res"},{"key":"p_4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0034-5288(97)90010-2"},{"key":"p_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1705","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.1992.53.09.1705","volume":"53","author":"DeBey MC","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Vet Res"},{"key":"p_6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2460\/ajvr.2000.61.1384"},{"key":"p_7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-2427(87)90154-1"},{"key":"p_8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-3659(90)90133-E"},{"key":"p_9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/02652040010019442"},{"key":"p_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5288(92)90082-D","volume":"53","author":"Weng CN","year":"1992","journal-title":"Res Vet Sci"},{"key":"p_11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02652049109069558"},{"key":"p_12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02652049109021877"},{"key":"p_14","first-page":"143","volume":"23","author":"Kulvanich P","year":"1996","journal-title":"Int Symp Control Release Biol Mater"},{"key":"p_15","first-page":"337","volume":"27","author":"Friis NF","year":"1975","journal-title":"Nord Vet"},{"key":"p_16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(99)00140-1"},{"key":"p_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.3109\/02652049709033829","volume":"14","author":"Govender T","year":"1997","journal-title":"J Microencapsul"},{"key":"p_18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600831116"},{"key":"p_19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02652049809006859"},{"key":"p_20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1994.1463"},{"key":"p_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-1935(17)36386-8","volume":"129","author":"Goodwin RF","year":"1973","journal-title":"Br Vet J"},{"key":"p_22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-5173(88)90166-4"},{"key":"p_23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(99)00427-2"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Veterinary Research"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/ajvr\/63\/8\/ajvr.2002.63.1118.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ajvr\/63\/8\/ajvr.2002.63.1118.xml","content-type":"text\/html","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/downloadpdf\/journals\/ajvr\/63\/8\/ajvr.2002.63.1118.xml","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,7]],"date-time":"2025-03-07T12:05:18Z","timestamp":1741349118000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/avmajournals.avma.org\/view\/journals\/ajvr\/63\/8\/ajvr.2002.63.1118.xml"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,1]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8"},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2460\/ajvr.2002.63.1118","relation":{},"ISSN":["0002-9645"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0002-9645"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,1]]}}}