{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,16]],"date-time":"2026-09-16T16:25:34Z","timestamp":1789575934208,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"8","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To determine total glutathione (GSH) and\nglutathione disulfide (GSSG) concentrations in liver\ntissues from dogs and cats with spontaneous liver\ndisease.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Sample Population<\/jats:bold>\u2014Liver biopsy specimens from\n63 dogs and 20 cats with liver disease and 12 healthy\ndogs and 15 healthy cats.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014GSH was measured by use of an enzymatic\nmethod; GSSG was measured after 2-vinylpyridine\nextraction of reduced GSH. Concentrations were\nexpressed by use of wet liver weight and concentration\nof tissue protein and DNA.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Disorders included necroinflammatory liver\ndiseases (24 dogs, 10 cats), extrahepatic bile duct\nobstruction (8 dogs, 3 cats), vacuolar hepatopathy (16\ndogs), hepatic lipidosis (4 cats), portosystemic vascular\nanomalies (15 dogs), and hepatic lymphosarcoma\n(3 cats). Significantly higher liver GSH and protein\nconcentrations and a lower tissue DNA concentration\nand ratio of reduced GSH-to-GSSG were found in\nhealthy cats, compared with healthy dogs. Of 63 dogs\nand 20 cats with liver disease, 22 and 14 had low liver\nconcentrations of GSH (\u00b5mol) per gram of tissue; 10\nand 10 had low liver concentrations of GSH (nmol) per\nmilligram of tissue protein; and 26 and 18 had low\nliver concentrations of GSH (nmol) per microgram of\ntissue DNA, respectively. Low liver tissue concentrations\nof GSH were found in cats with necroinflammatory\nliver disease and hepatic lipidosis. Low liver concentrations\nof GSH per microgram of tissue DNA\nwere found in dogs with necroinflammatory liver disease\nand cats with necroinflammatory liver disease,\nextrahepatic bile duct occlusion, and hepatic lipidosis.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusions and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Low GSH values\nare common in necroinflammatory liver disorders,\nextrahepatic bile duct occlusion, and feline\nhepatic lipidosis. Cats may have higher risk than dogs\nfor low liver GSH concentrations. 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