{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,8]],"date-time":"2025-03-08T05:21:49Z","timestamp":1741411309217,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To describe myoelectric activity of the\nspiral colon in healthy cows.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u20147 lactating Simmental X Red-Holstein\ncrossbred cows.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Cows were implanted with 7 pairs of\nbipolar silver electrodes (4 in the spiral colon and 1\neach in the cecum, distal part of the ileum, and proximal\nloop of the ascending colon [PLAC]). Myo-electric\nactivity was recorded during 4 days for each cow.\nPatterns were analyzed, using computer-based methods.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014Myoelectric activity of the spiral colon\nwas closely associated with motility of the ileum\nand PLAC and showed the typical organization of\nmigrating myoelectric complexes (MMC). The\nMMC in the bovine spiral colon (bcMMC) had a\nmean \u00b1 SD duration of 188.6 \u00b1 30.8 minutes and\nwas divided into 4 phases. Phases I and II lasted\n11.3 \u00b1 1.4 and 159.4 \u00b1 33.3 minutes, respectively.\nPhase III (duration, 5.4 \u00b1 1.2 minutes) was characterized\nby 5.2 \u00b1 0.9 regular spindles (35.4 \u00b1 5.4\nseconds) and 1 final elongated spindle (137.2 \u00b1\n56.4 seconds). Phase III most commonly (73.8 \u00b1\n16.1%) was followed by phase IV (duration, 17.3 \u00b1\n3.6 minutes). Propagation velocity of phase III\nwas 4.4 \u00b1 0.5 cm\/min, and 13.6% of bcMMC\nwere incompletely propagated through the spiral\ncolon.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusion and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014Myoelectric activity of the bovine\nspiral colon is composed of a recurring cyclic pattern\nsimilar to MMC of the small intestine. Data of\ncolonic myoelectric activity in healthy cows will\nserve as a basis for studies on cecal dilatation and\ndislocation in cattle. 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