{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T04:07:13Z","timestamp":1781582833184,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA)","issue":"1","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["ajvr"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Objective<\/jats:bold>\u2014To evaluate the possible association\nbetween facet joint geometry and intervertebral disk\ndegeneration in German Shepherd Dogs.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Animals<\/jats:bold>\u201425 German Shepherd Dogs and 11 control\ndogs of similar body weight and condition.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Procedure<\/jats:bold>\u2014Facet joint angles in the caudal portion\nof the lumbar region of the vertebral column (L5-S1)\nwere measured by use of computed tomography, and\nthe intervertebral discs were evaluated microscopically.\nThe relationship between facet joint geometry\nand disk degeneration was evaluated by use of statistical\nmethods.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Results<\/jats:bold>\u2014German Shepherd Dogs had significantly\nmore facet joint tropism than control dogs, but an\nassociation with disk degeneration was not found.\nHowever, German Shepherd Dogs had a different\nfacet joint conformation, with more sagittally oriented\nfacet joints at L5-L6 and L6-L7 and a larger angle difference\nbetween the lumbar and lumbosacral facet\njoints, compared with control dogs.<\/jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t<jats:p>\n\t\t\t\t\t<jats:bold>Conclusion and Clinical Relevance<\/jats:bold>\u2014A large difference\nbetween facet joint angles at L6-L7 and L7-S1 in\nGerman Shepherd Dogs may be associated with the\nfrequent occurrence of lumbosacral disk degeneration\nin this breed. 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